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ID:39883141
大小:340.01 KB
页数:12页
时间:2019-07-14
《神经元和神经胶质细胞-胶质细胞1》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、Neuron:Supportingcells:CNS:neuroglia(glia)PNS:SchwanncellsandsatellitecellsFunctions:physicalsupportelectricalinsulationmetabolicexchangeblood-brainbarrierCompositionofNervousTissueTypesandFunctionsofGliaNameofGlialCellFunctionAstrocyte(Astroglia)Star-shapedcellsthat
2、providephysicalandnutritionalsupportforneurons:1)cleanupbrain"debris";2)transportnutrientstoneurons;3)holdneuronsinplace;4)digestpartsofdeadneurons;5)regulatecontentofextracellularspaceMicrogliaLikeastrocytes,microgliadigestpartsofdeadneurons.Oligo-dendrogliaProvidet
3、heinsulation(myelin)toneuronsinthecentralnervoussystem.SatelliteCellsPhysicalsupporttoneuronsintheperipheralnervoussystem.SchwannCellsProvidetheinsulation(myelin)toneuronsintheperipheralnervoussystem.NeurogliaintheCNSAbletoreplicate!Importanceinnervoussystemfunctioni
4、sVASTLYunderestimated!Evidenceismounting:NurturingroleSignalingrole(Memory?)InflammationPainManymoretocome!Neuroglia:DistinguishingFeaturesPresenceoftightjunctionsbetweentheendothelialcellsOneofthenotablefeaturesofendothelialcellsincomparisontoothercellisthelackofpin
5、ocyticvesiclesSelectivepermeabilitytomoleculesbasedontheirmolecularweightandlipidsolubilityPresenceofspecificmarkersRichintwoenzymes:gammaglutamyltranspeptidase(GGTP)(foraminoacidtransport)andalkalinephosphatase(transportofphsopahteions)usedasmarkerforBBB.Others:gluc
6、osetransporter(GLUT-1);endothelialbarrierantigen(EBA;unknownfunction)andantigenrecognizedbytheMRCOX-47monoclonalantibody(importantforcell-to-celladhesion);transferrinreceptor(transportofferricions).PropertiesofBloodBrainBarriersBBB1.NeuronshaveTWO"processes"calledaxo
7、nsanddendrites.GlialcellsonlyhaveONE.2.NeuronsCANgenerateactionpotentials.GlialcellsCANNOT,however,dohavearestingpotential.3.NeuronsHAVEsynapsesthatuseneurotransmitters.GlialcellsdoNOThavechemicalsynapses.4.NeuronsdoNOTcontinuetodivide.GlialcellsDOcontinuetodivide.5.
8、TherearemanyMORE(10-50timesmore)glialcellsinthebraincomparedtothenumberofneurons.Gliaaredifferentfromneurons:NerveCellsNeurons,Glia
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