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1、ColdWarHistoryVol.9,No.3,August2009,411426FromChiangKai-shektoMaoTheoriginsofproletariandiplomacy:TheChineseattackontheAmericanEmbassyintheSovietUnion,4March1965LorenzM.Lu¨thiMcGillUniversity,MontrealTheattackbyseveralthousand,mostlyEastAsian,studentsontheAmericanembassyintheSovietUnionon4
2、March1965wasoneofthemostviolentassaultsonadiplomaticmissioninthe1960s.ItoccurredinthewakeofthedeteriorationofSino-Sovietrelations,theUSescalationoftheVietnamWar,andmassiveSovietaidofferstoNorthVietnam.TheattackwasverylikelyorganizedandsupportedbytheChineseauthoritiesanddesignedtodamagethei
3、nternationalreputationoftheSovietUnionwhiledeflectingfromChinesegovernmentattemptstolimitandobstructSovietmilitaryaidtoNorthVietnam.ItalsosetaprecedentforthesubsequentviolenceagainstforeignmissionsinChinaduringtheCulturalRevolution.On4March1965,2000foreignstudents,manyofthemChinese,attacked
4、theUSembassyinMoscowwithbricks,metalpieces,andbottlesofblack,blue,red,andorangeink.Inoneofthemostviolentattacksonanembassyduringthe1960s,twowesternbystanders,asubstantialnumberofSovietpolicemen,andprobablyseveraldemonstratorswereinjured.Theembassysufferedadefacedfac¸adeand310brokenLorenzM.
5、Lu¨thireceivedalic.phil.IfromtheUniversityofZurich(1995),andtwoMAs(1998and1999)andaPhDfromYale(2003).HecurrentlyisanassistantprofessorforthehistoryofinternationalrelationsatMcGillUniversityinMontreal,855SherbrookeWest,Montreal,QCH3A2T7,Canada.Correspondenceto:LorenzM.Lu¨thi,Email:lorenz.lu
6、thi@mcgill.caISSN1468-2745print/ISSN1743-7962onlineq2009Taylor&FrancisDOI:10.1080/14682740902910501http://www.informaworld.com412L.M.Lu¨thi1windowsbeforeSovietarmypersonnelmanagedtosuppressthedemonstration.Thisevent,theresultantSino-Sovietdiplomaticskirmishes,andtheensuingpropagandacampaig
7、nunleashedbythePeoplesRepublicofChina(PRC)wereonlyprecursorstotheattacksbystudentRedGuardsondiplomaticmissionsinBeijingduringtheearlyyearsoftheCulturalRevolution(196676).Thebestknownamongtheseincidentswasthemonths-longsiegeoftheSovietembassystartinginlateAugus
