hamburg origins and diffusion

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1、OriginsandDiffusionGroundBeefandtheWord"Hamburger"TheoriginofgroundbeefisacceptedtohavebeenwithMongolianandTurkictribesknownasTartarswhoshreddedlow-qualitybeeffromAsiancattletomakeitmoreedibleanddigestible.RussianTartars,possiblythroughotherpeoplesintheBaltics,introducedittoGermanybeforeth

2、e14thcentury.TheGermansflavoreditwithregionalspicesandeithercookeditorateitraw.ItbecameastandardmealforpoorerclassesandinHamburgacquiredthename"Hamburgsteak"(Panati1987).Panati(1987)claimsthatthesteakcametotheUnitedStateswithGermanimmigrantsinthelate19thcenturybutanothersource(Mariani1994)

3、 claimsthat"HamburgSteak"appearedonamenuatDelmonico's(NewYorkCity)asearlyas1834.By1899thedishwasonmenusasfarawayasWallaWalla,WA.andin1902itisdescribedinoneofthemostwidelyusedcookbooksofthetime,Mrs.Rorer'sNewCookBook(Mariani1994).Itisclearthattheword"hamburger"predatestheideaofputtingthegri

4、lledbeefbetweenbreadandcametothiscountrywithGermanimmigrants.ThepattybetweenbreadTherearefourplacesintheUnitedStates(twoofthemintheNortheast)thatclaimtobewherethehamburger,asasandwich,wasinvented.ThelateTexashistorian,FrankX.Tolbert,hasdoneresearchclaimingthatFletcherDavisinventedthehambur

5、gersandwich.Asthelocalpotterybusinesssloweddown,Davisopenedalunchcounterinthelate1880sandsomeoralhistorysupportstheclaimthathewassellinganunnamedsandwichofgroundbeefbetweentwoslicesofbreadatthattimefromthelunchcounter.In1904DavisandhiswifewenttotheSt.LouisWorld'sFair.Hewastheresinceareport

6、erfortheNewYorkTribunewrotefromthefairofanewsandwichcalledahamburger,"theinnovationofafoodvendoronthepike."ThereporterdidnotnamethevendorbutAthensresidentClintMurchisonsaidthathisgrandfatherhadstrongmemoriesofthesandwichinthe1880sbutrememberedtheinnovatoronlyas"OldDave."WhenDavisreturnedfr

7、omthefairtherewerealreadyseveralcafesinAthensservingthesandwichandhewentbacktofiringpotsintheMillerpotteryworks.Tolbert'sinvestigationprovedthat"OldDave"wasFletcherDavisfromAthens(Tolbert1983).ThestoryfromAthensisthatintownthesandwichhadnonamebutthatitwasgiven