Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL)

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1、ComputerAssistedLanguageLearning(CALL)62325ComputerAssistedLanguageLearning(CALL)PAULGRUBA25.1IntroductionSimplystated,ComputerAssistedLanguageLearning(CALL)canbedefinedas“thesearchforandstudyofapplicationsofthecomputerinlanguageteach-ingandlearning”(Levy,1997,p.1).Althoughearlierpractition

2、ersreliedonacronymssuchasCAI(computer-aidedinstruction),CAL(computer-assistedlearning),CELL(computer-enhancedlanguagelearning)andTELL(technology-enhancedlanguagelearning),CALLisnowwidelyregardedasthecentralacronymtorefertostudiesconcernedwithsecondlanguageandcomputertech-nology.Otherterms,

3、however,continuetobeintroducedtofocusonparticularusesofthecomputer.Forexample,individuallearningthroughadaptivecom-putersystems,promotedasintelligentCALL(ICALL),andweb-enhancedlanguagelearning(WELL),isusedbyeducatorswhopromoteInternet-basedactivities.AEuropeanCommunitygrouphasformedunderth

4、ebannerICT4LT(InformationandCommunicationTechnologiesforLanguageTeachers).Fortheirpart,WarschauerandKern(2000)prefertousethetermNBLT(net-worked-basedlanguageteaching)toencompassabroaderrangeoftheinter-connectedcomputers;whereasDebski(2000)hascoinedthetermPrOCALL(project-orientedCALL)tohigh

5、lightlarge-scalecollaborativeactivities.Chapelle(2001),ontheotherhand,employstheacronymCASLA(computerapplica-tionsinsecondlanguageacquisition)toserveasanumbrellaphrasethatpullstogetherresearchinCALL,computer-assistedlanguageassessment(CALT),andcomputer-assistedsecondlanguageacquisitionrese

6、arch(CASLR).Overall,themainobjectiveofCALListo“improvethelearningcapacityofthosewhoarebeingtaughtalanguagethroughcomputerizedmeans”(Cameron,1999a,p.2).Notethatsuchadefinitionfocusesparticularlyonlanguagelearning,notlanguageteaching,whileatthesametimetheuseofthecomputerforcesreconsiderationo

7、ftraditionalstakeholderroles:learners,teachers,andresearchershaveeachhadtoadapttothedemandsandopportun-itiesaffordedbyarangeofnewtechnologies.Withtheadventofnetworked624PaulGrubacomputersandtheInternet,inparticular,learnersareincreasinglycalledupontodesignande