资源描述：
《Evolution of microRNA diversity and regulation in animals》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、REVIEWSNON-CODINGRNAEvolutionofmicroRNAdiversityandregulationinanimalsEugeneBerezikovAbstract
2、Inthepastdecade,microRNAs(miRNAs)havebeenuncoveredaskeyregulatorsofgeneexpressionatthepost-transcriptionallevel.TheancientoriginofmiRNAs,theirdramaticexpansio
3、ninbilateriananimalsandtheirfunctioninprovidingrobustnesstotranscriptionalprogrammessuggestthatmiRNAsareinstrumentalintheevolutionoforganismalcomplexity.AdvancesinunderstandingmiRNAbiology,combinedwiththeincreasingavailabilityofdiversesequencedgenomes,
4、havebeguntorevealthemolecularmechanismsthatunderlietheevolutionofmiRNAsandtheirtargets.InsightsarealsoemergingintohowtheevolutionofmiRNA-containingregulatorynetworkshascontributedtoorganismalcomplexity.AlthoughthefirstmicroRNA(miRNA)genewasdiscov-ofhow
5、theirproductsareprocessedtoproducematureeredin1993(REFS1,2),itwastherealization7 yearslatermiRNAs.Assuch,abriefoverviewofthesetopicsispro-thatmiRNAsarewidespreadthroughtheanimalking-videdinFIG.1;moredetailedinformationcanbefounddom3andthattheyrepresent
6、anentirenovellevelofgeneelsewhere(forexample,reviewedinREFS7,8).regulationthatforcedscientiststo“reorganize[their]viewoftheuniverse”(REF.4).TremendousadvancesinPhylogeneticdistributionofmiRNAstheunderstandingofmiRNAbiologyhavesincebeenThefirstmiRNAgene
7、thatwasdiscovered,lin‑4inmade,including:theidentificationofhundredsofCaenorhabditis elegans(REFS1,2),appearedtobespecificmiRNAgenes;thedissectionofmiRNAbiogenesispath-toworms.However,thesecondmiRNAthatwasdiscov-ways;theidentificationofnumerousmiRNAtarg
8、ets;theeredinC. elegans,let‑7(REF.9),wasconservedbetweenestablishmentofprinciplesoftargetgeneregulation;andworms,fliesandhumans3.Thisdiscoveryjump-startedanunderstandingofthekeyroleofmiRNAsinreducingthemiRNAfield,andsoonmanyadditionalmiRNAnoiseingeneex
9、pression.geneswerefoundinC. elegans,DrosophilamelanogasterHere,Isummarizeourcurrentknowledgeaboutevo-andhumangenomes10–12.lutionofmiRNAsystemsinanimals.First,anoverviewWiththedevelopmentofnext-generation,high-ofthephylogeneticdistributi
