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1、POLITICALSTUDIESREVIEW:2003VOL1,34–49Joined-upGovernment:aSurveyChristopherPollittErasmusUniversityRotterdamThispaperfirstidentifiesthevariedmeaningsandobjectivesofjoined-upgovernment(JUG).Subsequentlyitexploresthecostsandrisksinvolved,andbrieflyreviewssomeoftherelevantacademicliteratu
2、re.Havingthusclarifiedthekeyconceptsandsituatedthecurrentfashionfora‘holisticapproach’withinthebroaderliteratureonco-ordination,thepaperalsoconsidersarangeofapproachestotheassessmentofprogresswithJUG.Joined-upgovernment(hereafterJUG)hasbecomeoneoftheprincipalthemesinthe‘modernization
3、’programmeofTonyBlair’sNewLabouradministration.Althoughitwasnotaprominentgoalatthetimeofthe1997generalelection,itbecamesowiththeMarch1999whitepaperModernisingGovern-ment(PrimeMinisterandMinisterfortheCabinetOffice,1999).TherehavealsobeenstrongechoesoftheJUGthemeinsomeothercountries,a
4、lthoughsometimesunderothernames(6etal.,2002;HagenandKubicel,2000;OECD,2001).JUG,therefore,seemstobehighuptheagendaofcurrentpublicsectorreforms,intheUKandincertainotherOECDcountries,especiallytheAnglophoneones.Despitethisprominence,however,itisbynomeansentirelyclearwhat,inconcreteter
5、ms,JUGmeans,whatimplicationsitmayhave,orhowitmaybeassessed.Theacademicliteratureisonlyjustbeginningtocatchupwiththesmallfloodofofficialpronouncementsandthink-tankpopularizations.Thetimeseemsripe,therefore,forapaperthatwill:•identifyandclarifytheconceptsinvolved;•identifytheprincipalmo
6、tivesofthoseadvocating‘joined-up-ness’;•discusstheavailableliteratureandtrytopickoutthemostusefulideas;•considerhowattemptsatJUGcanbeevaluated.TheNatureof‘JUG’Intheearlyliteratureonjoined-up-nessexplicitdefinitionswererare–forexample,thefoundationalCabinetOfficepaperWiringItUpdoesnoth
7、aveone(CabinetOffice,2000a).JUGhasemergedasafashionabletermofart,ratherthanaprecisescientificortechnicalconcept.Nevertheless,itisusefultohaveatleastaworkingdefinition,aslongasnottoomuchtechnicalorphilosophicalweightisputonit.Onthebasisofacarefulreadingofsomeofthekeyreferences(CabinetOf
8、fice,2000a,b,2001a;C
