Catalytic gasification of coals — Features and possibilities

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1、FuelProcessingTechnology,29(1991)31-4231ElsevierSciencePublishersB.V.,AmsterdamReviewCatalyticgasificationofcoals-FeaturesandpossibilitiesYoshiyukiNishiyamaInstituteforChemicalReactionScience,TohokuUniversity,Katahira,Aobaku,Sendai980(Japan)(ReceivedJuly

2、10th,1991;acceptedJuly18th,1991)AbstractCatalysisincoalgasificationisreviewedinrelationtotheauthor'sownresearch.Thefeaturesofthreecatalystgroups,alkali,alkalineearthandiron-groupmetals,arecomparedandtheratechangeduringgasificationisdiscussed.Effectofsubs

3、trateproperties,especiallysurfaceareaandstateofchar,ontheactivityofcatalystisstated.Steamgasificationwithcatalystisshowntoyieldmorecarbondioxidewhengasificationactivityishigh,exceptfornickel.Possibleapplica-tionsarebrieflymentioned.INTRODUCTIONAmongcoalu

4、tilizationprocesses,gasificationisgainingmoresignificanceasarouteofbetterefficiencyinenergyconsumption.Needlesstosay,coalgasificationaimsatproducingfuelgasesorgaseousmaterialswhichcanbeconvertedintousefulchemicals.Gasificationcanbeconductedwithoutcata-ly

5、stathighertemperaturesandpracticalprocessesseemwellmature[1,2].Studiesoncatalysisofcoalgasificationhavetwopurposes:(1)tounder-standthekineticsofgasificationofcoalswhichcontaincatalyticallyactiveminerals;and(2)todesignandevaluatepossiblegasificationproces

6、sesusingcatalysts.Theuseofcatalystslowersthegasificationtemperaturetherebyat-taininganadvantageinproductcompositiondeterminedbychemicalequilib-rium,inadditiontosomemeritsinthermalefficiencyand/orreactormate-rials.However,acatalyticprocessrarelycompeteswi

7、thnon-catalyticonesundernormalcircumstances,exceptwhenacheapcatalystthatishighlyactiveatlowtemperatureisemployed.Researchoncatalysisofgasificationcoverawiderangeofsubjects:basicchemistry,applicationproblemsandengineering.Thestateofresearchupto1984wascomp

8、iledbyPullen[3]andthereareseveralexcellentreviewarticlesonthesubject[4-7].Inthelastdecade,anumberofbasicresearcheshavebeenpublishedandthechemistryofcatalysishasmadegoodprogress,though0378-3820/91/$4.20©1991ElsevierScienceP