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1、FreshwaterBiology(2001)46,109±123APPLIEDISSUESAssessingtheperformanceofvolunteersinmonitoringstreamsLESKAS.FORE,*KITPAULSEN²andKATEO'LAUGHLIN³*StatisticalDesign,136NW40thSt.,Seattle,WA98107,U.S.A.²CityofBellevue,P.O.Box90012,Bellevue,WA98009,U.S.A.³KingCountyLandandWaterResourcesDivision,7
2、00FifthAve.,Suite2200,Seattle,WA98104,U.S.A.SUMMARY1.Citizensareconcernedaboutthequalityofwaterresourcesandmanyparticipateinmonitoringactivities,thoughdoubtsremainaboutthequalityofthedatavolunteerscollect.Wetrainedvolunteerstocollectbenthicmacroinvertebratesusingprofessionalprotocols.Ofthe
3、sevenstreamsitessampledbyvolunteercrews,sixsiteswerealsosampledbyprofessionalcrews.2.Inthelaboratory,volunteersusedmorphologicalfeaturestoidentifyasmanydiffer-enttaxaaspossiblewithinthemajorinsectorders;theiridenti®cationwasapproxi-matelytofamily.Volunteerscalculated®vemetrics:totaltaxonri
4、chness,richnessofthreekeygroups(Ephemeroptera,PlecopteraandTrichoptera),andpercentagedomi-nanceofthethreemostabundanttaxa.Allmetricswerestronglycorrelatedwith(a)thepercentageofurbanizedareainthecatchmentand(b)themetricsderivedfromamorecompletetaxonomicidenti®cationbyaprofessionalscientist.
5、Taxonrichnessmet-ricsdeclinedwithurbandevelopment,whilepercentdominanceincreased.3.Anoverallsummarymultimetricindexwasusedtocomparethe®eldandlabora-toryproceduresofvolunteersandprofessionals.UsinganANOVAmodel,wedetectednosigni®cantdifferencebetween®eldsamplescollectedbyvolunteersandprofess
6、ion-als.Thevarianceofindexvaluesassociatedwithdifferencesbetweencrewswaszero.Theabilityoftheindextodetectsigni®cantdifferencesamongsites(statisticalpower)improvedbyonly13%forassessmentsbasedonprofessionallaboratoryidenti®cationinsteadofvolunteerlaboratoryidenti®cation.4.Citizenvolunteers,w
7、henproperlytrained,cancollectreliabledataandmakestreamassessmentsthatarecomparabletothosemadebyprofessionals.Datacollectedbyvolunteerscansupplementinformationusedbygovernmentagenciestomanageandprotectriversandstreams.Keywords:citizens,macroinvertebrates,powera
