翻译技巧补充

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ChapterthreeEC翻译技巧例句补充一、　AmplificationandOmission:1.grammatical1）单复数问题《马》：Horses,月出惊山鸟2）主语的增词：I.要提倡顾全大局：Weadvocatethespiritoftakingthewholesituationinconsideration.II.人民犯了法也要受处罚，蹲班房。：Anyoneamongpeoplewho3）外位结构：这4）指称明确：I.西伯牺牲了。她是一名记者，却是以一个战士的身份在战场上牺牲的；她是一个欧洲人，却是在中国的抗日战场上牺牲的。：Shippedied.ShewasajournalistwhoshedherbloodasasoliderandanEuropeanwhodiedinthebattlefieldinChina.II.：2.contextual/collocational1）为了增进理解和友谊， 我们鼓励两国年轻人互访：Inordertopromotemutualunderstandingandfriendship,weencourageyoungpeopleinbothcountriestovisiteachother.1）由于我国市场体系的原因，------：Owingtotheincompletenessofourcountry’ssystem.2）正式的学校教育：formaleducation3）家用电子产品：householdelectronics4）道德：moralintegrity5）两国人民友谊和合作的动人事迹还历历在目。：Iremembersowellsomanytouchingstoriesabouttheprofoundfriendshipandgoodcooperationbetweenthetwopeoples.6）中国有一句古诗：“结交一言重，相期千里至”。IcanquoteonefittingancientChinesepoemtodescribeourmeeting:“Goodfriendshighlyvaluetheirwords.Theytravelathousandlitokeeptheirpromiseforagathering.7）我们（希望美方）应当采取有利于台海局势和平与稳定的实际行动。WehopethattheUSsidewouldtakepracticalmeasuresthatisconductivetothemaintenanceofpeaceandstabilityforTaiwanStrait. 1）破坏国家和平统一：underminetheprospectsforpeacefulreunification2）不能在元旦责骂女佣：EventhehumblestmaidhavetherightnottobescoldedonNewYear’sEve.3）他们希望明年年底以前控制住物价：　tocurbtheriseofprice4）董事会要开会对公司进行评估：Theboardofdirectorsistomeettoevaluatetheperformanceofthecompany.2.cultural1)一旦彼此见了礼,归坐献茶：afteranexchangeofbowsandverbalsalutations2)贫下中农：impoverishedpeasantsandlower-middle-incomepeasants3)anuntenableredemptivetheology:这种让人没法拥护的供奉上帝来赎罪的观念4)他跟着父亲从徐州到扬州奔丧：5)党老爷：Youareapartyman------oneoftheeliteAssignmentArmchairWarrior(3)二、话题语的转换： 1.他们违反了赫尔辛基条约，在本国侵犯基本人权，使他们受到了全世界爱好和平的人的谴责。TheirabuseofbasichumanrightsinviolationofHelsinkiAgreementearnedthecondemnationofthepeace-lovingpeopleintheworld.2.我们听不到一点声音：Notasoundreachourear.3.她非常兴奋：Excitementoverwhelmedhim.4.脚踏在厚地毯上没有发出声音：Thecarpetkilledthesoundofthesteps.Inanimatesubject+animatepredicate5.Thevalueofanycommodity,------isequaltothequantityoflabourwhichitenableshimtopurchaseorcommand.:任何一种商品，　它的价值等于这个商品能够买到或支配到的劳动量。6.恕我孤陋寡闻，对此一无所知。Mytotalignoranceoftheconnectionmustpleadmyapology.7.小梅心地善良，性情温和，对她朋友这种没有心肝的行为，实在看不顺眼：Xiaomei’skindlyandgentlenaturecouldnotbutrevoltatherfriend’scallousbehaviour.1) 从目前全球经济发展看，一些重要的特点和趋势值得我们高度重视。Someimportantfeaturesandtrendsinworldeconomicdevelopmentmeritourcloseattention.1)中国从自己的发展实践中深刻认识到：每个国家的发展都是一个持续的过程Ourownexperiencewithdevelopmenttellsusthateverycountrymustgothroughanevolvingprocessthattoday2)因此，可以说，人类的发展既面临难得机遇，也面临严峻挑战。Inaword,mankindisfacedwithbothgravechallengesandrareopportunitiesfordevelopment.3)发展是解决发展中国家各种问题的根本之策，也是解决全球各种问题的基础条件。Indevelopmentliesthefundamentalsolutiontoallkindsofproblemsinthedevelopingcountriesandabasicconditionforsolvingmanyproblemsintheworldatlarge.4)这是实现合作共赢的必然要求，也是实现可持续发展的必然要求。Withoutthis,therecanbeneitherwin-wincooperationnorsustainabledevelopment.5)应在平等的基础上推进南北对话，同时广泛开展南南合作，WhileNorth-Southdialogueshouldbestrengthenedonanequalfooting,South-Southcooperationshouldbecarriedoutonabroaderscale6) 促进发展中成员的发展，应该成为亚太经合组织的一项重要任务。AsfarasAPECisconcerned,weshouldtakeitasakeytaskoftheorganizationtopromotethedevelopmentofthedevelopingmembers.三、正反法：1.语言习惯　　２.　无法表达1.excuseme,afteryou,pleasehangon2.Humanisfallible：　都不是完美无缺3.intact:均未遭到破坏4.没有什么进步：progressstandsstill5.听说你是第一次到中国来，我对你和你的同事们表示热烈欢迎。IknowthisisyourfirsttimeinChina,soletmestartbyextendingmywarmestwelcometoyouandyourcolleagues.6.您先走：7.他们不顾严寒、饥饿和待遇菲薄的恶劣条件，当别的建筑队都撤下来的时候，只有中国这支建筑队坚持到底。TheChineseworkersdefiedstarvationandcoldandworkedforverymeagerincome.Manyotherworkerscouldnotenduretheharshconditions.OnlytheChineseworkersstuckitourtotheveryend.8.美国几年间大约损失了500多架飞机，美中两国飞行员牺牲了大约1500多万。 1.中国坚持一个中国的立场是坚定不移的，是不容挑战的：　Chinesegovernmentonupholdingtheone-chinaprincipleisrockfirmanddefiesallchallenges.2.wemaysafelysayso.Inthoseyearsmorethan500planescrashed,claimingthelivesofmorethan1500ChineseandAmericanpilots.四、主语和谓语：Subject:　　　汉：人称，泛称，隐称英；impersonalinanimate,static,abstractPredicate:汉：　动词优势　　　英：名词结构、灵动性、被动相应翻译策略：conversion1.汉语的动词优势大量转换成名词、形容词、介词、副词结构。1)合作得很好Theteacherthankedherpupilsbecausetheyareverycooperative.Adj.2)Thenewspaperwasdownatsixyesterdayadv.3)Because:duetothefactthatPrep. 1)Allpeace-lovingpeopledemandthecompleteprohibitionandthoroughdestructionofnuclearweapons.n.2)Roofsrequirespecialconsiderationtoensureadequatedurabilityinrelationtotheexposuretothesunandrain.n.2.谓语表达上的被动1)Ford’sfirstpledgewas:”Mr.President,youhavemysupportandmyloyalty.”福特一开始就保证说：“　总统先生，我支持您并效忠于您。”2)ApartfromthefactthatIshouldlaymyselfopentotheobjectionthatthesearethedreamsofneuropaths,sothattheconclusionsdrawnfromthemwouldnotapplytothedreamsofhealthypersons,thereisanotherreasonthatimpelsmetorejectthem.一般人可能认为3)Andwhenhehasappeared------whatwouldstthouhaveofhim?　等他来了，你想向他打听什么?4)你们要知道：Iwouldhaveyouknow3.注意谓语表达上的灵动性，多借用修辞；1)personification:旗子上写着：Thebannersays　　　 ParishearsChina’swomenspeak.1)Metaphor:LastminiteU.S.requestcloudstalks,delaysdeal.2)Onomatopoeia:Thesearumbledandhissed3)GodcausedadeepsleeptofalluponAdam.五、副词的使用1.据报道Thefakemilkreportedlycausedthedeathsof13infantswiththeprovince.2.很有理由TheChineseseemedjustifiablyproudoftheireconomicachievements3.顺便说一下：Incidentally,IhopetogetbettermedicaltreatmentinthesecountriesthanIcanpossiblygethereintheU.S..4.they,notsurprisingly,didn’trespondatall.5.Russian,economically,politicallyandculturallyfarbackwardatthattime.六、形容词短语可译成专有名词以求简洁明晰1.Hope,intruth,restswithmethusfaralone;Icanawaitthemansummonedfromthepastures. 我只有这一点希望，只好等待那牧人1.Yethavehope,untilatlastthouhastgainedfullknowledgefromhimwhosawthedeed但是在你还没向那证人打听清楚之前，　不要失望。2.ThenwouldnothespeakarightofOedipus,whojudgedthesethingssentbysomecruelpoweraboveMan?如果有人断定这些事是天神给我造成的，　不也说的正对吗？3.You,myfriend---acitizenofthegreatandmightyandwisecityofAthens,areyounotashamedofheapingupthegreatestamountofmoneyandhonourandreputationandcaringsolittleaboutwisdomandtruthandthegreatestimprovementofthesoul,whichyouneverregardorheedatall?名利五、拆句、合句Division1.AndariverwentoutofEdentowaterthegarden;andfromthenceitwaspartedandbecameintofourheads.有河从伊甸流出来滋润那园子，从那里分为四道。2.WhileIhavelifeandstrength,Ishallneverceasefromthepracticeandteachingofphilosophy,exhortinganyonewhomImeetandsayingtohimaftermymanner. 只要一息尚存，　我永不停止哲学的实践，　要继续教导、劝勉我所遇到的每一个人，　仍旧象惯常那样对他说。