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1、InterculturalCommunicationCultureDefinedPresentation3CultureisaBridge.1CONTENTS1.TheCultureDefined2.TheCulturalCharacteristics3.TheCulturalDifferences21.CulturesDefined3Warm-upQuestion:Giveyourowndefinitionofculture,andwriteitdown.4DefineculturesyourselfT
2、oday,cultureisawordthatweoftenhear,readandeventalkof,suchasChineseculture,Englishculture,Teaculture,Campusculture,andsoon.Butwhenitcomestothemeaningofculture,itmaynotbeeasytogiveitasatisfactorydefinition.Pleasewritedownwhatevercomestoyourmindwhenyouhearor
3、thinkofculture.Next,trytofigureouthowtheyarerelatedtoculture.5文化的定义《现代汉语词典》对于“文化”，是这样解释的：(1)人类在社会历史发展过程中所创造的物质和精神财富的总和．特指精神财富，如文学、艺术、教育、科学等。(2)考古学用语，指同一个历史时期的不依分布地点为转移的遗迹、遗物的综合体。同样的工具、用具，同样的制造技术等，是同一种文化的特征，如仰韶文化、龙山文化。(3)指运用文字的能力及一般知识定义1包括两个方面的内容．一方面泛指人类物质
4、和精神财富的总和，另一方面又特指文学、艺术、科学等6EdwardT.HallCultureisthetotalaccumulationofbeliefs,customs,values,behaviors,institutionsandcommunicationpatternsthatareshared,learnedandpasseddownthroughthegenerationsinanidentifiablegroupofpeople.7GeertHofstedeThecollectiveprogr
5、ammingofthemindwhichdistinguishesthemembersofonecategoryofpeoplefromanother.Cultureis“softwareofthemind”.82.CharacteristicsofCulture9CharacteristicsofCultureCharacteristicsShared,TransmittedfromgenerationtogenerationLearnedintegratedEthnocentricDynamic,Su
6、bjecttochangeSymbolic101)CultureissharedThemembersofacultureshareasetof‘ideals,values,andstandardsofbehaviors’,andthissetofidealsiswhatgivesmeaningtotheirlives,andwhatbondthemtogetherasaculture.11Actually,cultureisnotinnatesensibility,butalearnedcharacter
7、istic.Childrenbeginlearningabouttheirowncultureathomewiththeirimmediatefamilyandhowtheyinteracteachother,howtheydress,andtheritualstheyperform.Whenthechildrenaregrowinginthecommunity,theirculturaleducationisadvancedbywatchingsocialinteractions,takingparti
8、nculturalactivitiesandritualsinthecommunity,formingtheirownrelationshipsandtakingtheirplaceintheculture.2) Cultureislearned12Kluckhohn曾经举过一个在中国长大的美国人的例子。有一个在中国家庭养育成人的美国人初次回美国．记者们注意到除了他的蓝眼睛和黄头发证实他是美国白人以外，他的一举一动，走路的样子
