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1、LogicforPhilosophyTheodoreSiderMay20,2009PrefaceThisbookisanintroductiontologicforstudentsofcontemporaryphilosophy.Itcoversi)basicapproachestologic,includingprooftheoryandespeciallymodeltheory,ii)extensionsofstandardlogic(suchasmodallogic)thatareimportantinphilosoph
2、y,andiii)someelementaryphilosophyoflogic.Itpre-paresstudentstoreadthelogicallysophisticatedarticlesintoday’sphilosophyjournals,andhelpsthemresistbullyingbysymbol-mongerers.Inshort,itteachesthelogicyouneedtoknowinordertobeacontemporaryphilosopher.Forbetterorforworse(
3、Ithinkbetter),thelastcentury-or-so’sdevelopmentsinlogicarepartofthesharedknowledgebaseofphilosophers,andinformnearlyeveryareaofphilosophy.Logicispartofoursharedlanguageandinheritance.Thestandardphilosophycurriculumthereforeincludesahealthydoseoflogic.Thisisagoodthin
4、g.Butinmanycasesonlyasingleadvancedlogiccourseisrequired,whichbecomesthedefactosoleexposuretoadvancedlogicformanyundergraduatephilosophymajorsandbeginninggraduatestudents.Andthisonecourseisoftenanintensivesurveyofmetalogic(forexample,onebasedontheexcellentBoolosetal
5、.(2007).)Idobelieveinthevalueofsuchacourse,especiallyforstudentswhotakemultiplelogiccoursesorspecializein“technical”areasofphilosophy.Butforstudentstakingonlyasinglecourse,thatcourseshouldnot,Ithink,beacourseinmetalogic.Thestandardmetalogiccourseistoomathematicallyd
6、emandingfortheaveragephilosophystudent,andomitsmaterialthattheaveragestudentoughttoknow.Iftherecanbeonlyone,letitbeacrashcourseinlogicliteracy.“Logicliteracy”includesknowingwhatmetalogicisallabout.Andyoucan’treallylearnaboutanythinginlogicwithoutgettingyourhandsdirt
7、yanddoingit.Sothisbookdoescontainsomemetalogic(e.g.,soundnessandcompletenessproofsinpropositionallogicandpropositionalmodallogic).Butitdoesn’tcoverthecentralmetalogicalresultsonenormallycoversinamathematicallogiccourse:soundnessandcompletenessinpredicatelogic,comput
8、ability,iPREFACEiiGödel’sincompletenesstheorems,andsoon.Ihavedecidedtobeverysloppyaboutuseandmention.WhensuchissuesmatterIdrawattentiontot
