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1、ManfredDrosgDealingwithUncertaintiesManfredDrosgDealingwithUncertaintiesAGuidetoErrorAnalysisWith24Figures123Univ.Prof.Dr.ManfredDrosgUniversitätWienStrudlhofgasse4A-1090Wien,AustriaManfred.Drosg@univie.ac.atLibraryofCongressControlNumber:ISBN-103-3-540-29606-9SpringerBerlinHeidelbergNewYor
2、kISBN-13978-3-540-29606-5SpringerBerlinHeidelbergNewYorkThisworkissubjecttocopyright.Allrightsarereserved,whetherthewholeorpartofthematerialisconcerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuseofillustrations,recitation,broad-casting,reproductiononmicrofilmorinanyotherway,andstorage
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5、e.Typesetting:DatapreparedbytheAuthor,bySPIKolamandbyLE-TEXJelonek,Schmidt&VöcklerGbR,LeipzigCoverdesign:design&productionGmbH,HeidelbergPrintedonacid-freepaper68/3100/YL–543210IdedicatethisbooktomyAmericanfriends,inparticulartothoseImetinNewMexico,andtoPeterWeinzierl,whopatronizedmebyarran
6、gingforme,withthemagnificentsupportofR.F.Taschek,formerP-DivisionleaderofLANL,tobecomethefirstforeignpostdoctoralfellowatLANL.PrefaceFormanypeopleuncertaintyasitoccursinthescientificcontextisstillamatterofspeculationandfrustration.Oneofthereasonsisthatthereareseveralwaysofapproachingthissubjec
7、t,dependinguponthestartingpoint.Thetheoreticalparthasbeenwellestablishedovercenturies.However,theapplicationofthisknowledgeonempiricaldata,freshlyproduced(e.g.,byanexperiment)orwhenevaluatingdata,canoftenpresentaproblem.Insomecasesthisistriggeredbythewor
