Crossing the Finish Line Completing College at America's Public Universities

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1、CROSSINGTHEFINISHLINECROSSINGTHEFINISHLINECOMPLETINGCOLLEGEATAMERICA’SPUBLICUNIVERSITIESWilliamG.Bowen,MatthewM.Chingos,andMichaelS.McPhersonPRINCETONUNIVERSITYPRESSPRINCETONANDOXFORDCopyright©2009byPrincetonUniversityPressPublishedbyPrincetonUniversityPress,41W

2、illiamStreet,Princeton,NewJersey08540IntheUnitedKingdom:PrincetonUniversityPress,6OxfordStreet,Woodstock,OxfordshireOX201TWAllRightsReservedLibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataBowen,WilliamG.Crossingthefinishline:completingcollegeatAmerica’spublicuniver

3、sities/WilliamG.Bowen,MatthewM.Chingos,andMichaelS.McPherson.p.cm.Includesbibliographicalreferences.ISBN978-0-691-13748-3(hardcover:alk.paper)1.Collegegraduates—UnitedStates—Socialconditions.2.Minoritycollegegraduates—UnitedStates.3.Publicuniversitiesandcolleges

4、—UnitedStates.4.Educationalattainment—UnitedStates.5.Educationalequalization—UnitedStates.I.Chingos,MatthewM.,1983–II.McPherson,MichaelS.III.Title.LC208.8.B682009378.1′69120973—dc222009007506BritishLibraryCataloging-in-PublicationDataisavailableThisbookhasbeenco

5、mposedinAdobeNewBaskervillebyPrincetonEditorialAssociates,Inc.,Scottsdale,ArizonaPrintedonacid-freepaper.∞press.princeton.eduPrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica13579108642ContentsAcknowledgmentsviiPrefacexiiiChapter1.EducationalAttainment:OverallTrends,Disparities

6、,andthePublicUniversitiesWeStudy1Chapter2.Bachelor’sDegreeAttainmentonaNationalLevel20Chapter3.FinishingCollegeatPublicUniversities32Chapter4.FieldsofStudy,Time-to-Degree,andCollegeGrades57Chapter5.HighSchoolsand“Undermatching”87Chapter6.TestScoresandHighSchoolG

7、radesasPredictors112Chapter7.TransferStudentsandthePathfromTwo-YeartoFour-YearColleges134Chapter8.FinancialAidandPricingonaNationalLevel149Chapter9.FinancialAidatPublicUniversities166Chapter10.InstitutionalSelectivityandInstitutionalEffects192Chapter11.TargetPop

8、ulations207Chapter12.LookingAhead223AppendixA.TheModernEvolutionofAmerica’sFlagshipUniversities239EugeneM.TobinNotes265ListofFigures337ListofTables347ListofAppendixTa