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1、Disputes:1.AChinesecompanyexportedfoodproductstoRotterdamunderL/C.TheL/CissuedbythebuyerstatedthattheexportershouldprovideSanitaryInspectionCertificateinwhichthewording"thefoodfreefromillnessandareuptostandardsforeating"wasrequired.Aftershipment,whentheexporternegotiatedfo
2、rpayment,thenegotiatingbankfoundthatthecertificatepresentedbytheexporterdidn'tshowthewording"thefoodproductsarefreefromillness"requiredintheL/C.Thenegotiatingbankdeemeditadiscrepancyandaskedtheissuingbankforopinions.However,theissuingbankdidn'tanswer.Inordertoaviddishonorb
3、ytheissuingbank,theexporterhadtoaskedtheinspectionbodytoissueanothercertificatethatwasinlinewiththerequirementoftheL/C.Asaresult,theexportersufferedlossesresultedfromthe20days'delayinthesettlementforpayment.Whatlessontheexportershouldlearnformthecase?2.CompanyAsignedacontr
4、actwithaforeignimporter,exportingagriculturalproducts.ThedateforsignaturewasSeptember1andthetimeforshipmentstipulatedinthecontractwasOctober,NovemberandDecember.However,afterthemid-September,thedomesticpriceofthecontractedproductwasrisingtoasignificantextent.CompanyAfoundi
5、twouldsuffergreatlossifitexportedthegoodsaccordingtothecontract.Uponinvestigation,thereasonfortherisingofthepricewastheseriousfloodtookplaceintheproducingareainmid-July.CanCompanyAresorttoforcemajeureclausefortheavoidanceofitscontractualobligations?WhatlessonscanCompanyAle
6、arnfromthiscase?3.OnFebruary2nd,anexportersignedaCFRcontractwithaChineseimporterwhichstipulatedthatL/Cwasthetermforpayment.TheChinesebuyerissuedL/Candthesellerfulfilledshipmentandproposedafullsetofdocumentsrequired.Lateron,thesellerissuedaLetterofIndemnity,askingtheshippin
7、gcompanytoreleasethegoodstoacompanyinShantouofChina.On24thofMarch,theChinesebuyerobtainedthefullsetofdocumentandwenttotheshippingcompanytotakedeliveryofthecontractedgoods.However,hewastoldthegoodshadbeentakenbythecompanyinShantouon18thofthesamemonth.On9thofJuneofthesameyea
8、r,thesellersettledpaymentunderthecontractwiththebank.Aftersomeefforts,thebuyerwasstilluna
