王鸿祯-2006 中国与蒙古之地质

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1、第13卷第6期地学前缘(中国地质大学(北京);北京大学)Vo1.13No.62006年11月EarthScienceFrontiers(ChinaUniversityofGeosciences,Beijing;PekingUniversity)Nov.2006中国与蒙古之地质①，②王鸿祯1何国琦2张世红11.中国地质大学(北京)地球科学与资源学院，北京1000832.北京大学地质学系，北京100875121WANGHong-zhen，日EGuo-qi,ZHANGShi-hong1.SchoolofE.αrthSciencesaηdResources,ChinaUniversityofGeosc

2、iences，Be阴暗100083，αma2.De户artmentofGeology,PekingUniversity,Beijing100875,ChinaWANGHong-zhen,HEGuo咽，ZHANGShi-hong.ThegeologyofChinaandMongolia.Ear协ScienceFrontiers,2006,13(6):001-013Abstract:ThegeologicalhistoryofChinaandMongoliaisdiscussedintermsoftectonicunitsandtecto日icstages.Thecrustalevolutiono

3、fChinainthePrecambria口includedthreemegastages,markedbytheformationofcontinentalnuclei(2.8Ga),ofprotoplatformsthroughtheLüliangianorogeny(1.8Ga),andoftheCathaysianaSupercontientthroughtheJinni日glanoroge口y(830Ma).TheCathaysianaandMongoliawerebothpartoftheNeoproterozoicPangaea.AftertheJi日日1日gla口orogeny

4、，ChinaandMongoliaenteredamegastageofdiscreteco日tl日e口tsandoceanbasins,whichconvergedi日toaCathaysianpalaeoconti日entandanorthernMongolianpalaeocontinentattheendofEarlyPalaeozoic.TwomainbranchesofLatePalaeozoicoceans,theZaysan•SouthMongoli丘Hing'a日出ldtheUral-Tianshan,wereclosedattheendofLatePalaeooic.Chi

5、naandMongoliawere0日thewholere-assembledaftertheIndosinianoroge口YtobecomepartoftheLaurasiaSuperco日tine时，whichwasthenorthernhalfofthePermian-TriassicPangaeaThepost-Indosinianmegastagewaschracterizedbytheappeara口ceoftheCircum-PacifictectonicdomaincausedbyPangaeadisintegrationandopeningoftheAtlantic.Thi

6、s日ewtectonicpatternbroughtaboutabasiccontrastbetweeneaster口Chi日aandwester口Chi日a.InLateMesozoicandCenozoictimes,easternChi日a，andtoacertainextentMongolia,weremainlydominatedbyatensionalregimeconsistingofriftedbasinsandi日traco日tl日e口taltypeofvolcanism,whereaswesternChinawitnessedasuccessivenorthwardmovi

7、ngandcollagingoftheGondwana-affiliatedmassifsontothesouthernmarginoftheAsianpaleocontinent.TheseprocessesfinallyresultedintherapidupliftingoftheQinghai-TibetPlateauinMiocenetoQuaternarytimesafterthema