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1、第13卷第6期地学前缘(中国地质大学(北京);北京大学)Vol.13No.62006年11月EarthScienceFrontiers(ChinaUniversityofGeosciences,Beijing;PekingUniversity)Nov.2006①,②中国与蒙古之地质121王鸿祯,何国琦,张世红11中国地质大学(北京)地球科学与资源学院,北京10008321北京大学地质学系,北京100875121WANGHong2zhen,HEGuo2qi,ZHANGShi2hong11SchoolofEarthSciencesandResources,C
2、hinaUniversityofGeosciences,Beijing100083,China21DepartmentofGeology,PekingUniversity,Beijing100875,ChinaWANGHong2zhen,HEGuo2qi,ZHANGShi2hong.ThegeologyofChinaandMongolia1EarthScienceFrontiers,2006,13(6):0012013Abstract:ThegeologicalhistoryofChinaandMongoliaisdiscussedintermsofte
3、ctonicunitsandtectonicsta2ges.ThecrustalevolutionofChinainthePrecambrianincludedthreemegastages,markedbytheformationofcontinentalnuclei(218Ga),ofprotoplatformsthroughtheLüliangianorogeny(118Ga),andoftheCathaysi2anaSupercontientthroughtheJinningianorogeny(830Ma).TheCathaysianaandM
4、ongoliawerebothpartoftheNeoproterozoicPangaea.AftertheJinningianorogeny,ChinaandMongoliaenteredamegastageofdiscretecontinentsandoceanbasins,whichconvergedintoaCathaysianpalaeocontinentandanorthernMongolianpalaeocontinentattheendofEarlyPalaeozoic.TwomainbranchesofLatePalaeozoicoce
5、ans,theZaysan2SouthMongolia2HingpanandtheUral2Tianshan,wereclosedattheendofLatePalaeooic.ChinaandMongoliawereonthewholere2assembledaftertheIndosinianorogenytobecomepartoftheLaurasiaSupercontinent,whichwasthenorthernhalfofthePermian2TriassicPangaea.Thepost2Indosinianmegastagewasch
6、racterizedbytheappearanceoftheCircum2PacifictectonicdomaincausedbyPangaeadisintegrationandopeningoftheAtlantic.ThisnewtectonicpatternbroughtaboutabasiccontrastbetweeneasternChinaandwesternChina.InLateMesozoicandCenozoictimes,easternChina,andtoacertainextentMongolia,weremainlydomi
7、natedbyatensionalregimeconsistingofriftedbasinsandintracontinentaltypeofvolcanism,whereaswesternChinawitnessedasuccessivenorthwardmovingandcollagingoftheGondwana2affiliatedmassifsontothesouthernmarginoftheAsianpaleocontinent.TheseprocessesfinallyresultedintherapidupliftingoftheQi
8、nghai2TibetPlateauinMiocenetoQuaternaryt
