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1、讲义五SemanticsGraceTan1考点语义学定义语义三角说LEECH的七种意义类型词汇意义关系(同义,反义,下义)识别各实例中词与词的意义关系，句与句间的蕴涵、前提、回话含义、同义、不相容、语义矛盾、语义反常等用成分分析同下义词、反义词、句子意义的区别反义词的种类及例子2考研语言学谭宗燕T/FThemeaningrelationshipbetweenMANandGrown-upishyponymousbecausethesemanticfeaturesofmanareincludedinthoseofgrown
2、-up.Semantically,beefisexcludedinmeat.Kidsandchildrenaresynonymsdespitetheirstylisticdifferences.Inthefollowingpairsofsentences,bpresupposesa.A.Johnmanagedtofinishintime.B.Johntriedtofinishintime.Inthesemiotictriangle,thereisnodirectrelationshipbetweensymbolandr
3、eferent.Ifawordhassense,itmusthavereference.PredicationofaSisidenticaltothepropositionoftheS.3考研语言学谭宗燕definitionSemanticscanbesimplydefinedasthestudyofmeaning.Morespecifically,semanticsisthestudyofthemeaningoflinguisticunits,wordsandsentencesinparticular.4考研语言学谭
4、宗燕24._____isthemajorconcernofsemantics.A.meaningB.wordsC.sentencestructureD.phrasestructurerulesAnswer:A5考研语言学谭宗燕someviewsconcerningthestudyofmeaningG.Leechandhis7typesofmeaningNamingtheoryTheConceptualistViewContextualismBehaviorismTruthconditions6考研语言学谭宗燕1.Lee
5、chdividedmeaninginto____types.2.《说文》：“要，身中也。”&《墨子·经说》：昔楚灵王好细要。”“要”属于——意义。7考研语言学谭宗燕8考研语言学谭宗燕GrammaticalMeaning &LexicalMeaningGrammaticalmeaningindicatesgrammaticalconceptorrelationshipssuchaspartofspeechofwords,singularandpluralmeaningofnouns,tensemeaningofverbs
6、andtheirinflectionalparadigm.(语法意义指词义中表示语法概念或关系的那部分意义。例如词类、名词的单复数、动词的时态意义及它们的屈折形式。)inflectionalparadigmsofverb:forget,forgets,forgot,forgotten,forgetting9考研语言学谭宗燕Forexample:girls,winters,tables,joysWenoticethatword-forms,thoughdenotingdifferentobjectsofreality,h
7、avesomethingincommon.Thiscommonelementisthegrammaticalmeaningofplurality.(Theyhavethesamegrammaticalmeaning)10考研语言学谭宗燕Lexicalmeaningisthemeaningofanisolatedwordinadictionary.Thiscomponentofmeaningisidenticalinalltheformsoftheword.(林承璋：词汇意义是词典中一个独立词的意义。在该词的所有形式中，
8、其词汇意义相同。）Forexample:Theword-formsgo,goes,went,going,gonepossessdifferentgrammaticalmeaningsoftense,person,andsoon,butineachoftheseformswefindoneandthesamesemanticcomp
