言语行为理论、合作原则

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1、1Session12SpeechActTheoryandPrincipleofConversationReadings:Dai,Weidong,etal.ANewConciseCourseonLinguisticsforStudentsofEnglish.Shanghai:ShanghaiForeignLanguageEducationPress,2002.6.2Speechacttheory87-91.6.3Principleofconversation92-94.Hu,Zhuanglin,etal.Linguistics:ACourse

2、Book.3rded.Beijing:PekingUniversityPress,2006.8.2Thetheoryofconversationalimplicature252-262.8.3Post-Griciandevelopments262-279.2Objectives(教学目的):Todrawyourattentiontospeechactsandspeechacttheory.Tofacilitateyoutounderstandtheclassificationofspeechacts.Tohelpyouusethecooper

3、ativeprincipletoanalyzebothspokenandwrittendiscourse.3Studyfocusandkeyissue(重点与难点)1.StudyfocusThespeechacttheoryThecooperativeprinciple2.KeyissueHowtounderstandtheimpliedmeaningofaspeechortextwiththehelpofthecooperativeprinciple?41.Whatisspeechacttheory?(Daietal.87-88;Hende

4、rsonandBrown◆)SpeechacttheoryisatheoryoflanguagebasedonJ.L.Austin’sHowtoDoThingswithWords.Itsbasicviewisthatlanguageisasmuchamodeofactionasitisameansofconveyinginformation.AsJohnSearleputsit,alllinguisticcommunicationinvolveslinguisticacts.Linguisticcommunicationistheproduc

5、tionofthesentenceintheperformanceofaspeechact.Thebasicemphasisofspeechacttheoryisonwhatanutterer(U)meansbyhisutterance(x)ratherthanwhatxmeansinalanguage(L).51a.Whatisspeechacttheory?(Daietal.87;BakerandMcenery◆)Speechacttheoryisaframeworkforstudyingallactsofcommunication.Sp

6、eechactsconcernlocutionsandtheillocutionaryforcebehindlocutions.Ouraimincommunicationistorealisetheforceofalocution-whethertheaddresseeistotaketheutteranceasanassertion,aquestionoracommand.Example:Ababyscreams(thisisalocution).Hermotherpassesthebabyadummy(themother'sassumpt

7、ionbeingthattheillocutionaryforcebehindthebaby'slocutionwas"Iwantmydummy!")Thebabyscreamsagain(anotherlocution).Themothertakesawaythedummyandgivesthebabyherbottle(assumption:theillocutionaryforcewasnot"Iwantmydummy!"Itwas"Iwantmybottle!")Thebabyiscontent.61b.Whatisspeechact

8、theory?(Daietal.87-88)6.2.1Austin’smodelofspeechactsSpeechacttheoryisanimportantth