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1、SustainabledevelopmentSustainabledevelopment(SD)isapatternofresourceuse,thataimstomeethumanneedswhilepreservingtheenvironmentsothattheseneedscanbemetnotonlyinthepresent,butalsoforgenerationstocome(sometimestaughtasELF-Environment,Localpeople,Future).ThetermwasusedbytheBru
2、ndtlandCommissionwhichcoinedwhathasbecomethemostoften-quoteddefinitionofsustainabledevelopmentasdevelopmentthat"meetstheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds."[1][2]Sustainabledevelopmenttiestogetherconcernforthecarryingcapac
3、ityofnaturalsystemswiththesocialchallengesfacinghumanity.Asearlyasthe1970s"sustainability"wasemployedtodescribeaneconomy"inequilibriumwithbasicecologicalsupportsystems."[3]EcologistshavepointedtoTheLimitstoGrowth[4],andpresentedthealternativeofa"steadystateeconomy"[5]inor
4、dertoaddressenvironmentalconcerns.Thefieldofsustainabledevelopmentcanbeconceptuallybrokenintothreeconstituentparts:environmentalsustainability,economicsustainabilityandsociopoliticalsustainability.In1987,theUnitedNationsreleasedtheBrundtlandReport,whichincludedwhatisnowon
5、eofthemostwidelyrecogniseddefinitions:"Sustainabledevelopmentisdevelopmentthatmeetstheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds.Itcontainswithinittwokeyconcepts:·theconceptof'needs',inparticulartheessentialneedsoftheworld'spoor,t
6、owhichoverridingpriorityshouldbegiven;and·theideaoflimitationsimposedbythestateoftechnologyandsocialorganizationontheenvironment'sabilitytomeetpresentandfutureneeds."[8]TheUnitedNations2005WorldSummitOutcomeDocumentreferstothe"interdependentandmutuallyreinforcingpillars"o
7、fsustainabledevelopmentaseconomicdevelopment,socialdevelopment,andenvironmentalprotection.[9]Indigenouspeopleshaveargued,throughvariousinternationalforumssuchastheUnitedNationsPermanentForumonIndigenousIssuesandtheConventiononBiologicalDiversity,thattherearefourpillarsofs
8、ustainabledevelopment,thefourthbeingcultural.TheUniversalDeclarationonCulturalDiversity(UNESCO,2
