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1、HenryFieldingTheauthorofthefirstgreatnovelinEnglish;alsoaplaywright,anewspaperman,andajudgewhohelpedfoundafamouspoliceforceHisLife•HenryFieldingwasborninafamilythatincludedearlsanddukes.Hewaseducated,foraperiodoftime,atEton,wherehecultivatedawideandgenuinetastefortheclassics
2、.Duetoaquarrelwithhisfather,hehadtoworkforalivingearlyinlife.Hefirsttriedhisluckatplaywriting,andduringaspanofnineyears(1729-37)heturnedout26playsandbecamethemostsuccessfullivingplaywrightofthetime.Hisplaysweremostlycomediesandfarcesfilledwithpoliticalandsocialsatire.•Inthem
3、FieldingmercilesslyexposedtheEnglishcourtsoflaw,theparliamentarysystemandthecorruptionofgovernmentofficials.Heattackedthevicesofthebourgeoisieandaristocracy,theirhypocrisy,greedandcruelty.Thushewasapplaudedbythepublicbuthatedbythegovernment.•Histheatricalcareercametoanendin1
4、737whenthepoliticalcensorshipoftheLicensingActwentintoeffect.Hethentookuplawandwascalledtothebarin1740.•Meanwhilehehadnotgivenupwriting.In1739appearedTheChampion,anewspaperpublishedthriceaweek,andwrittenmainlybyFielding.•In1745hewasappointedJusticeofthePeaceforWestminsterand
5、thenMiddlesex,apositionthatbroughthimlittleincomebutmuchrenown,forheservedasanhonest,uprightandefficientmagistrate.•In1754hebecameveryill;heleftEnglandforLisbon,Portugalbutneverreturned.PointsofView•Fieldingwasverysympathetictowardthepoorandunfortunate,andprotestedstronglyag
6、ainstsocialinjustice,inequality,hypocrisy,wickednessandpoliticalcorruptioninhiswritings.•Hewasfullyawareofdualityofhumannature.Heheldthattoerrwashumanandthatonecouldbesavedaslongashewasdeterminedtoremedyhiserrors.•Asaneducatedman,hefirmlybelievedintheeducationalfunctionoflit
7、erature.HesharedthecontemporaryviewoftheEnglishenlightenersthatthepurposeofthenovelwastopresentafaithfulpictureoflife,"thejustcopiesofhumanmanners",withsoundteachingwovenintotheirtexture,soastoteachmentoknowthemselves,theirproperspheresandappropriatemanners.FieldingasaPlaywr
8、ight•Duringhiscareerasadramatist,Fieldinghadattemptedaconsiderablenumberoff
