微生物用英语

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1、activeimmunity（主动免疫）:Immunityacquiredthroughdirectstimulationoftheimmunesystembyantigen.activetransport（主动运输）:Transportofmoleculesagainstaconcentrationgradient(fromregionsoflowconcentrationtoregionsofhighconcentration)withtheaidofproteinsinthecellmembraneandenergyfromATP.Alcoho

2、lfermentation（乙醇发酵）：istheformationofalcoholfromsugar.Yeast,whenunderanaerobicconditions,convertglucosetopyruvicacidviatheglycolysispathways,thengoonestepfarther,convertingpyruvicacidintoethanol,aC-2compound.aerobe（好氧微生物）:Amicroorganismthatlivesandgrowsinthepresenceoffreegaseous

3、oxygen(O2).aflatoxin（黄曲霉毒素）:FromAspergillusflavust,amycotoxinthattypicallypoisonsmoldyanimalfeedandcancauselivercancerinhumansandotheranimals.AIDS（爱滋病）:AcquiredImmunedeficiencysyndrome.Thecomplexofsignsandsymptomscharacteristicofthelatephaseofhumanimmunodeficiencyvirus  (HIV)in

4、fection.Amestest（艾姆氏实验）:Amethodfordetectingmutagenicandpotentiallycarcinogenicagentsbaseduponthegeneticalterationofnutritionallydefectivebacteriaanabolism（合成代谢）:Theenergyconsumingprocessofincorporatingnutrientsintoprotoplasmthroughbiosynthesis.anaerobe（厌氧微生物）:Amicroorganismthat

5、growsbest,orexclusively,intheabsenceofoxygen.antibiotic（抗生素）:Achemicalsubstancefromonemicroorganismthatcaninhibitorkillanothermicrobeeveninminuteamounts.antibody（抗体）:Alargeproteinmoleculeevokedinresponsetoanantigenthatinteractsspecificallywiththatantigen.antigen（抗原）:Anycell,par

6、ticle,orchemicalthatinducesaspecificimmuneresponsebyBcellsorTcellsandcanstimulateresistancetoaninfectionoratoxin.antigenicdeterminant（抗原决定基）:Theprecisemoleculargroupofanantigenthatdefinesitsspecificityandtriggerstheimmuneresponse.antimetabolite（抗代谢物）:Asubstancesuchasadrugthatco

7、mpeteswith,substitutesfor,orinterfereswithanormalmetabolite.antiseptic（防腐剂）：Agrowth-inhibitingagentusedontissuestopreventinfection.antiserum（抗血清）：Antibody-richserumderivedfromthebloodofanimals(deliberatelyimmunizedagainstinfectiousortoxicantigen)orfrompeoplewhohaverecoveredfrom

8、specificnfections.antitoxin（抗毒素）：Globulinfractionofser