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1、美国部分Chapter14Population,RaceandEthnicGroupsI.IntroductionTheUnitedStatesofAmerica,withapopulationof255,5millionin1992,isthethirdmostpopulouscountryintheworldafterChinaandIndia.Immigrationaccountsforamajorsourceofpopulationgrowth.7.8%20millionimmigants19928.7millionCametoUS
2、ADuringthe1980s14.8%IntheWesternForeign-born10.3%IntheNortheastForeign-born3.6%IntheMidwestForeign-born5.3%IntheSouthForeign-bornTheUnitedStateshadamoreorlessopen-doorpolicytoimmigrantsfromindependenceuntilthe1960s.EllisIslandofNewYorkwasanimportantimmigrationreceptionspot
3、inthe1890s.About77%ofthepopulationintheUnitedStateslivedinmorethan283cityareasin1988.21bigcitieswithapopulationofover2million.NewYork18millionIn1990LosAngeles14.5millionIn1990Chicago8.1millionIn1990SanFrancisco6.3millionIn1990philadelphia5.9millionIn1990II.ImmigrationTheUn
4、tiedStateshasbeenknownasanationofimmigrants.ThefirstimmigrantsinAmericanhistorycamefromEnglandandtheNetherlands(荷兰人).1.Somerunningawayfromreligiousandpoliticalpersecution2.SomecomingasadventuresfromtheOldWorld(Europe)toseekabetterlife3.Someasindenturedservantswhohadtoworkf
5、orafixedtermfortheirmasterstorepaythecross-AtlanticfareanddebtsThelargestimmigrationmovementbeganfrom1815.between1815and1917,nofewerthan30millionpeople,formeverycornerofEurope,madetheirwaytotheUSA.Theycameinaseriesofwaves.1.Thefirstofthesewavesbeganinthemid1810s,grewduring
6、the1830sand40sandreachedthehighestpointin1845.2.Thesecondwavecoverdtheperiodbetween1860and1890.3.Thethirdwave,thelargestofthethreewaves,bringingtotheUntitedStatesatotalof15millionimmigrantsbetween1890and1914,wasdrawnverylargelyfromAustria-Hungary,Italy,Russia,Greece,Rumani
7、aandTurkey.Thefirstofthesewavesbeganinthemid1810s21AmosForeignlanguageschool美国部分Decadeof1820151,0001850s2.3million1845-18541.5millionIreshmen1845-1849EnglishoppressionAndPotaoFaminesIII.PopulationMovementMobilityisconsideredtobeoneofthecharacteristicsoftheAmericanPeople.Am
8、ericansmovestoanewhomeeveryyearseekingnewjobopportunities,abetterclimateorsomeothergoals.
