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1、TheUnitedStatesofAmericaChapterFourteenPopulation,RaceandEthnicGroupsI.CharacteristicsoftheAmericanpopulationA.thethirdmostpopulouscountryintheworldafterChinaandIndia.B.afasterpopulationgrowth,particularlyafterthe1990s;C.immigrationasasourceofpopulationgrowth;EllisIslandofNewYorkwasanimpo
2、rtantimmigrationreceptionspotinthe1890sandattheturnofthecentury.D.populationmovement(or:mobility)fromtraditionalmanufacturingindustriesintheNortheastandMidwesttohigh-technologyindustries,whosegrowthhasbeenmostnotableinthesunbeltstatesoftheSouthandMountainregionsinsuchstatesasArizona,Nevad
3、a,andFlorida.*FivelargestcitiesintheUSA:NewYorkCity;LosAngeles;Chicago;SanFrancisco;Philadelphia;E.changesinagestructureduringthe1990s:BabyBoom(1946-1964)Ⅱ.RacerelationsintheUnitedStatesA.Blacks(theAfricanAmericans)(a)ThelargestoftheracialandethnicminoritiesintheUnitedStates(12.%ofthewhol
4、epopulation)(b)ThefirstblackswerebroughttoNorthAmericaasslavesin1619.(c)TheslavesystemwasformallyendedbyPresidentAbrahamLincoln'sEmancipationProclamationissuedin1863andtheThirteenthAmendmenttotheUSConstitutionin1865.Butevenaftertheabolitionofslaveryasaninstitution,openandcovet,organized
5、orindividualdiscriminationwaspracticedagainstblackAmericans.(d)In1954,thecaseofBrownvs.BoardofEducation,inwhichtheSupremeCourtruledthat"separateeducationalfacilitiesareinherentlyunequal".(e)TheCivilRightsMovementinthe1960s.RiotsbrokeoutinNewYork,Chicago,LosAngelesandothercities.(f)TheCivi
6、lRightsActof1964:protectionsfortherighttovote,tousepublicfacilities,andenjoythesameeducationaswhitepeople.(g)TheVotingRightsActof1965:guaranteetheblacksandotherstherighttovote.ChapterFifteenAmericanHistory(I)(1600-1900)I.ThediscoveryoftheNewWorldA.TheIndians:thefirstAmericans;about30,000t
7、o40,000yearsago;B.ChristopherColumbus:anItaliannavigator,supportedbytheSpanishqueen;inthelate15thcentury.1492."discovered"America;C.AmerigoVespucci:thelandnamedafterhim;Ⅱ.TheColonialPeriod:A.ThefirstEnglishcolonyintheAmericas:atJamestown,Virginia,1607;B.ThethirteenB
