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1、996放射学实践2006年10月第21卷第10期RadiolPractice,Oct2006,Vol21,No.10中枢神经影像学颅内皮样囊肿的MRI和CT诊断王文献,岳恒志,范辉,程敬亮,张焱,任翠萍【摘要】目的:回顾性分析颅内皮样囊肿的MRI和CT表现。方法:搜集10例经手术病理证实颅内皮样囊肿病例资料,对其MRI和CT表现、病因、病理和临床特征进行分析。10例均行MRI检查,6例同时作CT扫描。结果:病灶位于后颅窝4例,其中2例合并枕部粗隆处皮毛窦。病灶位于鞍旁3例,位于前颅窝、第三脑室后及前囟各
2、1例。9例MRI表现T1WI为不均匀稍低信号,T2WI为高信号影,1例T1WI与T2WI均为高信号。6例CT表现为欠均匀低密度影。其中2例CT和MRI可见蛛网膜下腔脑沟内和双侧脑室内散布的脂肪滴。结论:颅内皮样囊肿有较典型的MRI及CT表现,特别是皮样囊肿破裂有影像学和临床特征性表现,可实现术前正确诊断,MRI优于CT诊断。【关键词】脑肿瘤;皮样囊肿;体层摄影术,X线计算机;磁共振成像【中图分类号】R814.42;R445.2;R739.41【文献标识码】A【文章编号】1000-0313(2006)10-
3、0996-03ImagingDiagnosisofIntracranialDermoidCystWANGWen-xian,YUEHeng-zhi,FANHui,etal.DepartmentofRadiolo-gy,TaikangPeoplesHospital,Henan461400,P.R.China【Abstract】Objective:ToanalyzetheMRIandCTfeaturesofintracranialdermoidcystretropectively.Methods:Tencase
4、ofintracranialdermoidcystprovedbysurgeryandpathologywerecollected.All10caseundenwentMRIexaminationand6casehadalsoCTscanning.Theimagingfeatureswereanalyzed.Results:4caseslocatedatposteriorfossa.3atpana-sellanregion,onecaseeachlocatedatanteriorfossa,behindthet
5、hirdventricleandatthefrontalfontanel.9caseshowedslighthypointensityonT1WIandhyperintensityonT2WI.6caseappearedhypodensewithtenhomogenousityonCT.FatdropwereshowninthesubarachnoidspaceandbothventricleonCTandMRIin2cases.Conclusion:Therearesometypicalfeaturesofi
6、ntracranialdermoidcystonMRIandCT,especiallytheruptureofdermoidcystrevealscharactorsticimagingandclinicalfeaturesandpreoperativediagnosisispossible.MRIissuperiortoCTfortheprecisediagnosis.【Keywords】Brainneoplasms;Leafwythekindcyst;Tomography,X-raycomputed;Ma
7、gneticresonanceimaging颅内皮样囊肿是罕见的起源于外胚层的先天性肿[1]结果瘤,约占颅内原发性肿瘤的0.04%~0.6%。本文搜集10例经MRI、CT诊断,手术病理证实的颅内皮病灶位于后颅窝4例,鞍旁3例,前颅窝、第三脑样囊肿行回顾性分析,以提高对该病的认识。室后及前囟各1例,形态为类圆形或不规则形。T1WI为欠均匀稍低信号(图1a、b),6例信号不均匀,其内可材料与方法见毛发影,边界不清;3例病灶信号均匀,边界清楚;本组男6例,女4例,年龄2个月~60岁,平均T2WI病灶呈稍高或高信
8、号(图1c);1例T1WI与42.5岁。8例有癫痫史。2例因突发头痛、呕吐、颈项T2WI均为高信号;2例枕部粗隆处皮下呈混杂长T1、强直、视力下降入院,MRI诊断为颅内皮样囊肿破裂。长T2信号,2例脂肪抑制像高信号均消失,3例MRI均行MRI检查,采用SET1WI和FSET2WI,常规矢增强扫描病灶无明显强化。6例CT平扫呈欠均匀低状面、冠状面、轴面扫描。T1WI:TR400ms,TE