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1、第13卷第8期辽宁中医药大学学报Vol.13No.82011年8月JOURNALOFLIAONINGUNIVERSITYOFTCMAug.，2011张景岳对命门学说的贡献徐小玉，叶新苗（浙江中医药大学，浙江杭州310053）摘要：命门学说，源于《难经》。张景岳批判地继承了《难经》中的命门学说，对命门的发挥有其独到之处。其认为，命门的位置在“子宫”及“子宫之门户”，位于两肾之间，“命门与肾，本同一气”。命门的实质为人身之太极，是人体生命的本原。其生理功能有二：命门为精血之海，水火之宅，寓有元阴元阳，为五脏六腑之本；命
2、门系人身之门户。病理上多表现为真阴虚损、命门火衰。治疗上注重补水补火，倡导“阴中求阳”、“阳中求阴”、“精中生气”、“气中生精”。创制了左归丸、左归饮、右归丸、右归饮等系列命门病主方。景岳极大的推动了命门学说的发展，为其温补学说奠定了理论基础，丰富和完善祖国医学的阴阳学说、脏腑理论。关键词：张景岳；命门学说中图分类号：R223.1文献标识码：A文章编号：1673-842X(2011)08-0086-03ContributionofZHANGJing-yuetotheTheoryofMingmenXUXiao-yu，
3、YEXin-miao（ZhejiangChineseMedicalUniversity，Hangzhou310053，Zhejiang，China）Abstract：TheoriginalthoughtofmingmensourcedfromthebookofTheClassicofDifficultIssues.ZHANGJing-yuedevelopeditintorelativelycompletetheory.Hebelievedthatmingmenwaslocatedintheuterus,andwas
4、thegateoftheuterus.Inspace,mingmenwasbetweentwokidneys,asitwassaidinhisbook“mingmenandthekidneysoriginatefromthesameqi”.Hebelievedthatmingmenwasthetaiji(thegreatbeginningandultimate)ofthebody,inanotherword,itwastheoriginalsourceforlives.Physiologicalfunctionof
5、mingmenincludedtwoaspects.Onewastoserveasrootofthefivevisceraandsixbowels,soitwasregardedastheseaoftheessenceandblood,thehouseofthefireandwater,andtheresidenceofgenuineyinandyang;theotherwastoserveasthegateofthebody.Inpathologicalcondition,ZHANGJing-yuemainlye
6、mphasizedondeficiencyofgenuineyinanddebilitationofthefireinmingmen.Correspondingly,heattachedimportancetothemethodofsupplementingthewaterandfireintreatment.Moreover,headvocatedtheideaofmutualengenderingofyinandyang,andsuggestedmethodsas“seekingyangwithinyin”，“
7、seekingyinwithinyang”，“supplementqjwithintheessence”，and“nourishingtheessencewithinqi”.FormulaelikeZuoguiWan,ZuoguiYin,YouguiWanandYouguiYinweremainlydesignedfordiseaseofmingmen.Inconclusion,Jing-yuegreatlypromotedthedevelopmentofthetheoryofmingmen,whichconseq
8、uentlyenrichedandperfectedthetheoreticalsystemofTCM.Keywords：ZHANGJing-yue；theoryofmingmen命门一词，首见于《内经》。《素问·阴阳离合系胞”。论篇》曰：“少阴之上，名曰太阳，太阳根起于至阴，后世医家对《难经》这一理论进一步发挥。尤结于命门，名曰阴中之阳。”《灵枢·根结》云
