资源描述：
《必修一知识梳理》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
必修1Unit1ANNE’SBESTFRIENDwhompleasurethoughtshappenedtolaughatentirelygoingthroughfacetofacemadeoutdoorsduringorhangingbeforespellboundtrueaseriesofbymyselfcallsinceonpurposeopenuntilDoyouwantafriend1._______________youcouldtelleverythingto,likeyourdeepestfeelingsand2._______________?Orareyouafraidthatyourfriendwould3._______________you,orwouldnotunderstandwhatyouare4._______________?AnneFrankwantedthefirstkind,soshe5._______________herdiaryherbestfriend.AnnelivedinAmsterdamintheNetherlands6._______________WorldWarII.HerfamilywasJewishsoshehadtohide7._______________theywouldbecaughtbytheGermanNazis.Sheandherfamilyhiddenawayfortwoyears8._______________theywerediscovered.Duringthattimetheonly9._______________friendwasherdiary.Shesaid,“Idon’twanttosetdown10._______________factsinadiaryasmostpeopledo,butIwantthisdiaryitselftobemyfriend,andIshall11._______________myfriendKitty.”NowreadhowshefeltafterbeinginthehidingplacesinceJuly1942.Thursday15,June,1944Dearkitty,Iwonderifit’sbecauseIhaven’tbeenabletobe12._______________forsolongthatI’vegrownsocrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature.Icanwellrememberthattherewasatimewhenadeepbluesky,thesongofthebirds,moonlightandflowerscouldneverhavekeptme13._______________.That’schanged14._______________Iwashere.Forexample,whenitwassowarm,Istayedawake15._______________untilhalfpastelevenoneeveninginordertohaveagoodlookatthemoonforonce16._______________.Butasthemoongavefartoomuchlight,Ididn’tdare17._______________awindow.Anothertimesomemonthsago,I18._______________beupstairsoneeveningwhenthewindowwasopen.Ididn’tgodownstairs19._______________thewindowhadtobeshut.Thedark,rainyevening,thewind,thethunderingcloudsheldme20._______________intheirpower;itwasthefirsttimeinayearandahalfthatI’dseenthenight21._______________…Sadly…Iamonlyabletolookatnaturethroughdirtycurtains22._______________beforeverydustywindows.It’sno23._______________lookingthroughtheseanylongerbecausenatureisonethingthatreallymustbeexperienced.Yours,Anne1.whom2.Thoughts3.laughat4.goingthrough5.Made6.During7.Or8.Before9.True10.aseriesof11.Call12.Outdoors13.Spellbound14.Since15.onpurpose16.bymyself17.Open18.happenedto19.Until20.Entirely21.facetoface22.Hanging23.PleasureUnit2THEROADTOMODERNENGLISHconquerattheendofforexamplenextothertelleverbeforeatpresentnativemovedtoovertimedifferentfinallylessespeciallycommunicatewithmakeuseofbothchangessuchas4 1._______________the16thcentury,aboutfivetosevenmillionpeoplespokeEnglish.NearlyallofthemlivedinEngland.Laterinthe2._______________century,peoplefromEnglandmadevoyagesto3._______________otherpartsoftheworldandbecauseofthat,Englishbegantobespokeninmany4._______________countries.Today,morepeoplespeakEnglishastheirfirst,secondorforeignlanguagethan5._______________.6._______________Englishspeakerscanunderstandeachothereveniftheydon’tspeakthesamekindofEnglish.Lookatthisexample:BritishBetty:Wouldyouliketoseemyflat?AmericanAmy:Yes,I’dliketocomeuptoyourapartment.SowhyhasEnglishchangedovertime?Actuallyalllanguageschangeanddevelopwhenculturesmeetand7._______________eachother.AtfirsttheEnglishspokeninEnglandbetweenaboutAD450and1150wasvery8._______________fromtheEnglishspokentoday.ItwasbasedmoreonGermanthantheEnglishwespeak9._______________.ThengraduallybetweenaboutAD800and1150,Englishbecame10._______________likeGermanbecausethosewhoruledEnglandspokenfirstDanishandlaterFrench.ThesenewsettlersenrichedtheEnglishlanguageand11._______________itsvocabulary.Sobythe1600’sShakespearewasableto12._______________awidervocabularythaneverbefore.In1620someBritishsettlers14._______________America.Laterinthe18thcenturysomeBritishpeopleweretakentoAustraliatoo.Englishbegantobespokenin15._______________countries.16._______________bythe19thcenturythelanguagewassettled.Atthattimetwobig17._______________inEnglishspellinghappened:firstSamuelJohnsonwrotehisdictionaryandlaterNoahWebsterwroteTheAmericanDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguage.ThelattergaveaseparateidentitytoAmericanEnglishspelling.EnglishnowisalsospokenasaforeignorsecondlanguageinSouthAsia.18._______________,IndiahasaverylargenumberoffluentEnglishspeakersbecauseBritainruledIndiafrom1765to1947.DuringthattimeEnglishbecamethelanguageforgovernmentandeducation.EnglishisalsospokeninSingaporeandMalaysiaandcountriesinAfrica19._______________SouthAfrica.TodaythenumberofpeoplelearningEnglishinChinaisincreasingrapidly.Infact,ChinamayhavethelargestnumberofEnglishlearners.WillChineseEnglishdevelopitsownidentity?Onlytimewill20._______________.1.Attheendof2.Next3.Conquer4.Other5.everbefore6.native7.overtime8.communicatewith9.Different10.atpresent11.Less12.Especially13.Makeuseof14.Movedto15.Both16.Finally17.Changes18.Forexample19.suchas20.tellUnit3PART1THEDREAMANDTHEPLANexperiencedreamedaboutpassesthroughexcitedatlastpersuadedgrewupmountainotherbeforetripbeginsscheduleproperdetailsshortcominginsistedwhetherchangehermindentersMynameisWangKun.Eversincemiddleschool,mysisterWangWeiandIhave1._______________takingagreatbiketrip.Twoyearsagosheboughtanexpensivemountainbikeandthenshe2._______________metobuyone.Lastyear,shevisitedourcousins,DaoWeiandYuHangattheircollegeinKunming.TheyareDaiand3._______________inwesternYunnanProvinceneartheLancangRiver,theChinesepartoftheriverthatiscalledtheMekongRiverin4._______________countries.WangWeisoongottheminterestedincyclingtoo.Aftergraduatingfromcollege,wefinallygotthechancetotakeabike5._______________.Iaskedmysister,"Wherearewegoing?"ItwasmysisterwhofirsthadtheideatocyclealongtheentireMekongRiverfromwhereit6._______________towhereitends.Nowsheisplanningour7._______________forthetrip.Iamfondofmysisterbutshehasoneseriousshortcoming.Shecanbereallystubborn.Althoughshedidn'tknowthebestwayofgettingtoplaces,she8._______________thatsheorganizethetripproperly.Now,Iknowthatthe9._______________wayisalwaysherway.Ikeptaskingher,"Whenareweleavingandwhenarewecomingback?"Iaskedher10._______________shehadlookedatamapyet.Ofcourse,shehadn't;mysisterdoesn'tcareabout11._______________.SoItoldherthatthe4 sourceoftheMekongisinQinghaiProvince.Shegavemeadeterminedlook—thekindthatsaidshewouldnot12._______________.WhenItoldherthatourjourneywouldbeginatanaltitudeofmorethan5,000metres,sheseemedtobe13._______________aboutit.WhenItoldhertheairwouldbehardtobreatheanditwouldbeverycold,shesaiditwouldbeaninteresting14._______________.Iknowmysisterwell.Onceshehasmadeuphermind,nothingcanchangeit.Finally,Ihadtogivein.Severalmonths15._______________ourtrip,WangWeiandIwenttothelibrary.Wefoundalargeatlaswithgoodmapsthatshoweddetailsofworldgeography.FromtheatlaswecouldseethattheMekongRiverbeginsinaglacieronaTibetan16._______________.Atfirsttheriverissmallandthewaterisclearandcold.Thenitbeginstomovequickly.Itbecomesrapidsasit17._______________deepvalleys,travellingacrosswesternYunnanProvince.Sometimestheriverbecomesawaterfalland18._______________widevalleys.WewerebothsurprisedtolearnthathalfoftheriverisinChina.AfteritleavesChinaandthehighaltitude,theMekongbecomeswide，brownandwarm.Asit19._______________SoutheastAsia,itspaceslows.Itmakeswidebendsormeandersthroughlowvalleystotheplainswherericegrows.20._______________,theriverdeltaenterstheSouthChinaSea.1.dreamedabout2.Persuaded3.grewup4.Other5.Trip6.Begins7.Schedule8.Shortcoming9.Insisted10.Proper11.Whether12.Details13.changehermind14.Excited15.Experience16.Before17.Mountain18.passesthrough19.Enters20.AtlastUnit4ANIGHTTHEEARTHDIDN'TSLEEP1.countryside2.StrangethingswerehappeninginthecountrysideofnortheastHebei.Forthreedaysthewaterinthevillagewellsroseandfell,roseandfell.Farmersnoticedthatthewellwallshaddeepcracksinthem.Asmellygascameoutofthecracks.Inthefarmyards,thechickensandeventhepigsweretoonervoustoeat.Miceranoutofthefieldslookingforplacestohide.Fishjumpedoutoftheirbowlsandponds.Atabout3:00amonJuly28,1976,somepeoplesawbrightlightsinthesky.ThesoundofplanescouldbeheardoutsidethecityofTangshanevenwhennoplaneswereinthesky.Inthecity,thewaterpipesinsomebuildingscrackedandburst.buttheonemillionpeopleofthecity,whothoughtlittleoftheseevents,wereasleepasusualthatnight.At3:42ameverythingbegantoshake.Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend!Elevenkilometersdirectlybelowthecitythegreatestearthquakeofthe20thcenturyhadbegun.ItwasfeltinBeijing,whichismorethantwohundredkilometersaway.One-thirdofthenationfeltit.Ahugecrackthatwaseightkilometreslongandthirtymetreswidecutacrosshouses,roadsandcanals.Steamburstfromholesintheground.Hardhillsofrockbecameriversofdir.Infifteenterriblesecondsalargecitylayinruins.Thesufferingofthepeoplewasextreme.Two-thirdsofthemdiedorwereleftwithoutparents.Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorinjuredreachedmorethan400,000.Buthowcouldthesurvivorsbelieveitwasnatural?Everywheretheylookednearlyeverythingwasdestroyed.Allofthecity'shospitals,75%ofitsfactoriesandbuildingsand90%ofitshomesweregone.Brickscoveredthegroundlikeredautumnleaves.Nowind,however,couldblowthemaway.Twodamsfellandmostofthebridgesalsofellorwerenotsafefortravelling.Therailwaytrackswerenowuselesspiecesofsteel.Tensofthousandsofcowswouldnevergivemilkagain.Halfamillionpigsandmillionsofchickensweredead.Sandnowfilledthewellsinsteadofwater.Peoplewereshocked.Then,laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquakewhichwasalmostasstrongasthefirstoneshookTangshan.Someoftherescueworkersanddoctorsweretrappedundertheruins.Morebuildingsfelldown.Water,food,andelectricitywerehardtoget.Peoplebegantowonderhowlongthedisasterwouldlast.Allhopewasnotlost.Soonafterthequakes,thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantohelptherescueworkers.Hundredsofthousandsofpeoplewerehelped.Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.Tothenorthofthecity,mostofthe10,000minerswererescuedfromthecoalminesthere.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhose4 homeshadbeendestroyed.Freshwaterwastakentothecitybutrain,truckandplane.Slowly,thecitybegantobreatheagain.Unit5ELIAS’STORYMynameisElias.IamapoorblackworkerinSouthAfrica.ThetimewhenIfirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.Iwastwelveyearsold.Itwasin1952andMandelawastheblacklawyertowhomIwentforadvice.Heofferedguidancetopoorblackpeopleontheirlegalproblems.Hewasgenerouswithhistime,forwhichIwasgrateful.IneededhishelpbecauseIhadverylittleeducation.Ibeganschoolatsix.TheschoolwhereIstudiedforonlytwoyearswasthreekilometersaway.Ihadtoleavebecausemyfamilycouldnotcontinuetopaytheschoolfeesandthebusfare.Icouldnotreadorwritewell.Aftertryinghard,Igotajobinagoldmine.However,thiswasatimewhenonehadgottohaveapassbooktoliveinJohannesburg.SadlyIdidnothaveitbecauseIwasnotbornthere,andIworriedaboutwhetherIwouldbecomeoutofwork.ThedaywhenNelsonMandelahelpedmewasoneofmyhappiest.HetoldmyhowtogetthecorrectpaperssoIcouldstayinJohannesburg.Ibecamemorehopefulaboutmyfuture.IneverforgothowkindMandelawas.WhenheorganizedtheANCYouthLeague,IjoineditassoonasIcould.Hesaid:“Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress,untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.”Itwasthetruth.Blackpeoplecouldnotvoteorchoosetheirleaders.Theycouldnotgetthejobstheywanted.Thepartsoftowninwhichtheyhadtoliveweredecidedbywhitepeople.TheplacesoutsidethetownswheretheyweresenttolivewerethepoorestpartsofSouthAfrica.Noonecouldgrowfoodthere.InfactasNelsonMandelasaid:“…wewereputintoapositioninwhichwehadeithertoacceptwewerelessimportantorfightthegovernment.Wechosetoattackthelaws.Wefirstbrokethelawinawaywhichwaspeaceful;whenthiswasnotallowed…onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.Asamatteroffact,Idonotlikeviolence…butin1963Ihelpedhimblowupsomegovernmentbuildings.ItwasverydangerousbecauseifIwascaughtIcouldbeputinprison.ButIwashappytohelpbecauseIknewitwouldhelpusachieveourdreamofmakingblackandwhitepeopleequal.4
