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1、第16卷第8期水利科技与经济Vol.16No.82010年8月WaterConservancyScienceandTechnologyandEconomyAug.,2010银川市降水量正态分布特征方媛,李培月(长安大学环境科学与工程学院,西安710054)[摘要]分析降水量正态分布特征,可以为降水量分析与预测中选用合适的统计方法和统计模型提供依据,提高降水量分析与预测能力。利用银川市4个气象站(银川站、永宁站、贺兰2站、灵武站)1960~2008年的降水量实测资料,运用χ拟合优度检验和柯尔莫哥洛夫———斯米诺夫检验(K-S检验)对各站月、季和年降水量进行了
2、正态分布检验。检验结果表明:银川市各气象站年降水量和季降水量均服从正态分布,夏季降水量正态性最好,冬季降水量正态性最差。6~9月份银川市各气象站月降水量均服从正态分布;11月至次年2月份月降水量均不服从正态性分布。各气象站中,通过正态性检验月份最多的是灵武站,通过正态性检验月份最少的是银川站,这与银川站多出现极端降水有一定关系。[关键词]降水量;正态分布;正态性检验;银川市[中图分类号]P468;TV214[文献标识码]A[文章编号]1006-7175(2010)08-0873-03NormalDistributionCharacteristicsofPr
3、ecipitationinYinchuanCityFANGYuan,LIPei-yue(SchoolofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering,Chang′anUniversity,Xi′an710054,China)Abstract:Analyzingthenormaldistributionofprecipitationcanprovideabasisfortheappropriatechoiceofstatisticalmethodsandstatisticalmodelsintheprocessofanalysisan
4、dforecastsforprecipi-tationandfortheenhanceofthecapabilitiesofprecipitationanalysisandforecasting.AccordingtotheobservationalrainfalldatacollectedfromweatherstationincludingYinchuanStation,YongningStation,HelanStationandLingwuStationinYinchuanarea,thenormaldistributioncharacterist
5、icsofmonthly,quarterlyandannualrainfallwasinspectedwithChi-squaretestandKolmogorov-Smirnovtest(K-Stest)foreachstation.Testresultsshowedthattheannualprecipitationandsea-sonalprecipitationaresubjectedtonormaldistributionineverystationinYinchuancity,andthenor-malityofprecipitationins
6、ummeristhebestwhereasthenormalityofprecipitationinwinteristheworst.MonthlyprecipitationsfromJunetoSeptemberinYinchuancityaresubjectedtonormaldistri-butionandmonthlyprecipitationdistributionsfromNovembertoFebruaryinthefollowingyeararenotsubjectedtonormality.MonthlyprecipitationinLi
7、ngwustationpassedmostnormalitytestwhereasmonthlyprecipitationofYinchuanstationpassedtheleasttestofnormality,whichshouldbeattribu-tedinacertainextenttomoreextremeprecipitationhappenedinYinchuanstation.Keywords:precipitation;normaldistribution;normalitytest;YinchuanCity济发展至关重要。全球气候变
8、暖问题已引起国际社会的1概述关注,它已经开始影响到部门决策和国家关