problems in cr observation

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1、ProblemsinCRobservationv对听课的内涵不甚理解，以至于不知道听什么，要怎么听；v思想不够重视。把听课当成任务，马虎应付，达不到听课的目的；v听课前没做好充分准备，听课质量不高。DefinitionofCRobservation听课时一般教师或研究者凭借眼耳手等身体的感官及有关的辅助工具（记录本、调查表、录音录像设备等），直接地（也有间接地）从课堂情境中获取相关的信息资料，从感性到理性的一种学习、评价及研究的教育教学方法。听课是一种技能和方法，听课者一方面应具备一定的教学修养和经验，另一方面应掌握一定的听课技术

2、要领，需要以原有教育思想和类型经验参与为基础，以看、听、想、记和谈多种听课活动协调为保证。听课不是目的，是手段，是教学研究的重要手段，也是教师相互交流，相互学习和促进教师自我反思的重要途径。（欧阳芬，2008：102）Whytoobserve?vTolearnvToresearchvTosolveproblemsvToevaluateteachingworkWhattoobserve?A.AimsofteachingvA.Aimsofteachingv-cleareducationalandinstructionalaimsv-i

3、ncludethefivecomponents(languageknowledge,languageskills,values&attitudes,culturalawareness,andlearningstrategies)v-specificandclearaimsforeachstageB.Teachingproceduresv-student-centeredteachingmodelv-abalancebetweenlanguageinputandoutput,andinvolveintegratedskillsv-c

4、learstagesandaimsofthelessonv-logicalconnectionbetweenthestagesv-avarietyofactivitiesandcreativeactivitiesv-appropriatetimearrangement/allotmentofeachstageC.Learnersv-attitudev-knowledgeandskillsv-activeparticipationv-otherD.Teachervclear,accurateandbeautifulpronuncia

5、tionandintonationv-knowledgeableaboutthesubjectv-useoflearner-centeredapproach5v-givingofinstructionsv-useofteachingstrategiesv-effectivepresentationskillsv-showinterest,passion,responsibilityforthelessonv-questioningtechniquesv-timely,encouraging,andconstructiveclass

6、assessment/feedbackv-error-correctionv-otherE.Interactionpatternsvquantity&qualityofteacher-studentinteractionv-quantity&qualityofstudent-studentinteractionv-otherF.Classroommanagement&learningatmospherevTplaysavarietyofrolesappropriatelyv-T’sresponsetoSS’questionsv-O

7、rganizationofseatingandgroupsv-T’smonitoringoftheclassSS’responsev-atmospherev-otherG.Teachingaidsvemployavarietyofteachingaidsappropriatelyv-designofPPT/BBbrief,clear,interestingandmotivatingv-adapttextbook/materialsappropriatelyv-employotherresourcesbesidestextbookH

8、.Teachingeffectsvtheteachingaimsachievedv-everystudentparticipateactivelyintheclassandreallylearnsomethingv-T’screativityand