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1、Chem.Rev.2010,110,389458389ProspectsofColloidalNanocrystalsforElectronicandOptoelectronicApplications,,DmitriV.Talapin,*Jong-SooLee,MaksymV.Kovalenko,andElenaV.ShevchenkoDepartmentofChemistry,TheUniversityofChicago,Chicago,Illinois60637,andCenterforNanoscaleMaterials,ArgonneNationalLab,Argon
2、ne,Illinois60439ReceivedApril5,2009Contents6.4.SinteringMetalandSemiconductor416NanoparticlesintoContinuousFilms1.Introduction3897.NanocrystalDevices4172.Solution-PhaseSynthesisofMetallic,3917.1.Light-EmittingDevices(LEDs)418Semiconducting,Magnetic,andMulticomponent7.1.1.LEDPerformanceCharac
3、teristics418Nanoparticles7.1.2.Nanocrystal-BasedQD-LEDs4192.1.BasicsofColloidalSynthesis:Nucleationand3917.2.Photodetectors422Growth7.2.1.FiguresofMeritforPhotoconductive4222.2.NanoparticleShapeandMorphology394DetectorsEngineering7.2.2.PhotoconductivityinNanocrystalSolids4232.3.Multicomponen
4、tColloidalNanostructures3957.2.3.PhotoconductivityMeasurements4243.NanocrystalSolids3967.2.4.PhotodetectorsBasedonTreated4253.1.Short-RangeOrderedNanoparticleAssemblies397NanocrystalSolids3.2.NanoparticleSuperlattices3977.2.5.HybridPhotodetectorsUsingNanocrystals4263.3.MulticomponentNanopart
5、icleSuperstructures398andSemiconductingOrganicMaterials3.4.TheoreticalInsightintotheElectronicStructure3997.3.NanocrystalsinSolarCells426ofNanocrystalSolids:FromInsulatedDotsto7.3.1.PerformanceMetricsandBasicOperation426Three-DimensionalMinibandsPrinciplesofSolarCells4.DesignofSurfaceLigands
6、4017.3.2.NanocrystalsinHybridBulkHeterojunction4284.1.OrganicLigandswithLongHydrocarbon403SolarCellsChains,TheirRemoval,andExchangefor7.3.3.ColloidalNanocrystalsforAll-Inorganic430SmallerMoleculesSolarCells4.2.Cross-LinkingSurfaceLigands4047.3.4.NanocrystalsinDye-SensitizedSolarCells4314.3.M
7、etalChalcogenideComplexesasSurface4047.3.5.CanNanocrystalSolarCellBeatthe432LigandsShockley-QueisserLimit?5.TransportinNanocrystalSolids4057.4.Field-EffectTransistors(FETs)4345.1.ExchangeCouplingEnergy4057.4.1.Structure,Operation,andPerformance4345
