Interests in Land in the Customary Law of Ghana_ A New Appraisal翻译

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1、INTERESTSINLANDINTHECUSTOMARYLAWOFGHANAANEWAPPRAISASAMUELK.B.ASANTEtINTRODUCTION简介YetastudyofthedecisionsofGhanaiancourtsdisclosesadisconcertingconflictbetweenjudicialenunciationofcustomarydoctrineandcontemporarypracticeinthesocialprocess.Thisconflictishardlysurprising.InGhana,ther

2、eceptionofEnglishcommonlawmeanttheadoptionofEnglishlegaltraditionsandattitudes.Forsomeninetyyears,3thecustomarylawhasbeenadministeredintheupperlevelsofthejudicialhierarchybyBritishorBritishtrainedjudges,whosejurisprudential"take-off"isanalyticalpositivism,4andwhoregardastringentdoc

3、trineofstaredecisisasanaxiomofthejudicialprocess.5Thusameaningfulandscientificclarification,aswellasapurposefulapplication,ofcontemporarycustomarylawhasbeenmenacedbyatraditionwhichrestrictstheorbitofthelawtothenarrowconfinesofauthoritativedecisions,andstrictlycommitsdecision-makers

4、oftodaytothedubiouswisdomofpastexperience.NowhereisthiscleavagebetweentextbooklawandsocialrealitymoreglaringthaninthecustomarylandlawofGhana.加纳法院决定的研究揭示了一个令人不安的冲突，司法表明习惯学说与当代社会进程中的实践。这种冲突是不足为奇的。在加纳，英国普通法的接受意味着英国法律传统和态度的采用。近九十年来，一直给予习惯法在司法层次上由英国或英国训练有素的法官，其“起飞”是分析实证主义法学，谁作为一个先例的严格教义

5、作为司法过程中的一个公理。因此，一个有意义的和科学的澄清，以及有目的的应用当代习惯法一直受到传统制约法律的轨道的权威决定的狭小的范围内，并严格实施决策者今天过去经验的可疑的智慧。教科书法与社会现实之间的分裂，比加纳习惯上的土地法更为明显。Thisarticleisconcernedwithareappraisalofthecustomaryschemeofinterestsinlandinthelightofthechangingconditions.First,thetraditionalschemeofinterestsinlandwillbeoutli

6、ned;second,anattemptwillbemadetoanalyzethevarioussocialandeconomicpressuresimpingingonthetraditionalscheme;third,thereactionofthecourtstothesephenomenawillbeconsideredand,finally,itisproposedtoadvertbrieflytotheincreasinginvolvementoftheCentralGovernmentintheadministrationandregula

7、tionoflandanditsimpactonthecustomaryschemeofinterestsinland.本文关注的是重新评估在条件改变光在土地利益的习惯方案。首先，在土地利益的传统方案将概述；其次，将尝试分析各种社会和经济压力冲击，传统的方案；第三，法院对这些现象的反应将被考虑，最后，提出了广告简单地在行政管理和土地对土地权益的习惯影响调控方案中央政府增加投入。A.PRELIMINARYFACTORSA.初步因素SincetheGhanaiancitizenryiscomposedofdifferentethnicgroups,thepuri

8、stswoulddenytheexistenceof