分子生物学ppt总结

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1、Chapter1Lifebeginwithcells1.ThediversityandcommonalityofcellsSperm+Egg→Zygote→Embryo→Tissues→Body2.Themoleculesofacell3.Theworkofcells(1)Cellsbuildanddegradenumerousmoleculesandstructures(2)Animalcellsproducetheirownexternalenvironmentandclues(3)Cellschangeshape

2、andmove(4)Cellssenseandsendinformation(5)Cellsregulatetheirgeneexpressiontomeetchangingneeds(6)Cellsgrowanddivide(7)Cellsdiefromaggravatedassaultoraninternalprogram4.Investigatingcellsandtheirparts5.AgenomeperspectiveonevolutionChapter3Proteinstructureandfunctio

3、n3.1HierarchicalstructureofproteinsFunctionalclassesofproteins:Structuralproteins;Scaffoldproteins;Enzymeproteins;Membranetransportproteins;Regulatoryproteins;Motorproteins;1.Theprimarystructureofproteins:Oligopeptide,polypeptideandproteins:2.Secondarystructureo

4、fproteins:αhelix:βsheet:βturn:3.Tertiarystructureofproteins:Tertiarystructurebasedproteincategories:Visualizationofproteinstructures:Cαbackbonetrace:Ballandstick:Ribbons:Solvent-accessiblesurface:4.Combinationsofsecondaryandtertiarystructures:Structuralmotifs：Co

5、iled-coilmotif:EF-hand/helix-loop-helixmotif:Zinc-fingermotif:5.Quaternarystructureofprotein:6.Proteinfamilyandsuperfamily3.2ProteinfoldingMolecularchaperones:3.3Proteinfunction1.SpecificbindingofligandsunderliesthefunctionsofmostproteinsSpecificityandAffinity.1

6、.Molecularmotorsconvertenergyintomotion1.4RegulatingproteinfunctionIThewaystoregulateproteinactivity:ControlofproteinsynthesisControlofproteindegradation1.5RegulatingproteinfunctionIINoncovalentandcovalentmodification:allostericinteraction3.6Purifying,detecting,

7、andcharacterizingproteins3.7ProteomicsChapter4Basicmoleculargeneticmechanism4.1Structureofnucleicacids1.Denaturationandrenaturation;Tm(meltingtemperature):ThefactorsinfluenceDNATm2.RNAstructure;4.2Transcriptionofprotein-codinggenes4.3ThedecodingofmRNAbytRNAsRead

8、ingframe:Frame-shifting:FunctionoftRNA4.4StepwisesynthesisofproteinsonribosomesTranslationprocess:4.5DNAreplicationSemiconservativemechanism4.6DNArepairandrecombinati