《同位素有机地球化学》英文版 Isotope organic geochemistry

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1、OrganicGeochemistryOrganicGeochemistry37(2006)1200–1262www.elsevier.com/locate/orggeochemqIsotopeorganicgeochemistryE.M.Galimov*V.I.VernadskyInstituteofGeochemistryandAnalyticalChemistry,RussianAcademyofScience,KosyginStreet,19,Moscow119991,RussiaReceived6October2005;

2、receivedinrevisedform2March2006;accepted17April2006Availableonline14September2006AbstractThepresent-daystateaswellasthehistoryofisotopeorganicgeochemistryisreviewed.Theoreticalaspectsofisotopefractionationinasystemofcomplexorganicmolecules,fractionationofcarbonisotope

3、sinthebiosphere,isotopesasappliedtostudythetransformationoforganicmatter,geochemistryofoilandgas,evolutionofthecarbonate–organiccarbonsystemandaspectsofastrobiologyareconsidered.Ó2006ElsevierLtd.Allrightsreserved.1.Introductionrelatedtotheevolutionofthebiosphere,theor

4、iginoflifeandextraterrestrialmaterial.AlfredTreibs(1934)wasthefirsttodiscoverpor-Thefirstin-depthisotopicstudyofpetroleumphyrinsinoilandidentifiedthemasderivativesofwasmadebySilvermanandEpstein(1958).Thenchlorophyll.ThisdiscoverywasthestartingpointSilverman(1964),Kvenvol

5、denandSquires(1967),oforganicgeochemistry.Duringmostofitshistory,Eckelmanetal.(1962),FrankandSackett(1969),themainobjectivesoforganicgeochemistrywereParkandDunning(1961)intheUSA,Mu¨lleranddeterminingthefactorscontrollingthetransforma-Wienholz(1967),Mayetal.(1968)inEas

6、tGer-tionofbiogenicorganicmatterinthegeosphere,many,Colomboetal.(1965)inItaly,Welte(1969)hydrocarbongenerationandalterationandotherinWestGermany,Botnevaetal.(1969),Alexeyevaspectsadvantageousforpetroleumexploration.etal.(1967),Lebedev(1964)intheSovietUnionMorerecently

7、,organicgeochemistryhasbeendevelopedtheinitialbasicknowledgeofpetroleumappliedtoenvironmentalstudies.Inthefutureoneisotopegeochemistry.Duringthe1960sourgroupcanexpectsignificantdevelopmentsofstudiesintheGubkin’sInstitutecarriedouttheoreticalandexperimentalstudiesofisot

8、opefractionationinhydrocarbonsystemsandstudiesofoilandgasqAlfredTreibslecture,GoldschmidtConference,June2004,intheVolga-Ural