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1、THEEXPRESSIONOFTHECAUSEEINGALICIAN,PORTUGUESE,ANDSPANISHXulioSousaFernándezUniversityofSantiagodeCompostelaCausativeconstructionsarethelinguisticrepresentationofacomplexsituationconsistingoftwoevents:i)thecausingevent,wherebyacauserinitiatesorpromptsanaction;andii)theca
2、usedevent,wherebyanelementknownasthecauseeperformsanaction,orundergoesachangeofstateorcondition,whichistheconsequenceofthecauser’saction.Thisstructureissetoutin1.1.CausingeventCausedeventMaríamandoullestraeramerendaósrapacesCAUSERCAUSEE[Maríatoldthechildrentobringtheirs
3、andwiches]Thespecialsemanticandsyntacticfeaturesofcausativeconstructionshavemeantthattheyhavebeenincludedinmostmodelsofsyntacticanalysis.Inaddition,thesimilarsyntacticbehaviourofthistypeofconstructioninmanylanguageshasbeenofinteresttothoseworkingontypologicalstudies(Com
4、rie1981,Song1996).Inordertoillustratethissimilarity,ItookafewexamplesofcausativeconstructionsfromsomeEuropeanlanguages.Ifwelookat2,itisclearthat,despitethedifferencesintheorderoftheelementsandtheformtheytake,thefiveexamplesshowthesamestructuralpattern:theelementsnotedin
5、1canbeeasilyidentifiedin2.2.CAUSERVERBSCAUSEEa.J’aifaitreliremontravailàPierre(French)b.GiannihafattoripararelamacchinaaMario(Italian)c.Elspagesosfanescriureunpoemaalfollet(Catalan)enE.González-Álvarez/A.Rollings(eds)(2004):StudiesinContrastiveLinguistics,SantiagodeComp
6、ostela:UniversidadedeSantiagodeCompostela,585-591.d.Shemadeherchildrendotheirhomework(English)e.IchlasseKarldieBlumengießen(German)f.Dejongendeeddekinderenwerken(Dutch)Causativeconstructionsarecomplexbecausethepredicatecantakeoneoftwoforms:eitherasinglesentencestructure
7、(2a,2b,and2c)withasinglecomplexpredicaterepresentedasaperiphrasticform(aifaitrelire,hafattoriparare,fanescriure);oratwo-sentencestructure(2d,2e,and2f)consistingoftwopredicativesandtheircorrespondingframes.Bothtypes–thesingle-sentenceorthetwo-sentencestructure–arecategor
8、izedasthecausee(C).Fromasemanticviewpoint,thecauseeisahybridelement,sinceitactsbothaspatientofthecausingaction
