《英国文学第八讲》PPT课件

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1、EnglishLiteratureChapterEightRomanticisminEngland(1798-1832)1798:thepublicationofLyricalBallads1832:thedeathofWalterScottaRomanticnovelistI.BackgroundThisistheageofrevolutions:TheAmericanrevolution(1775-1783)whereTheDeclarationofIndependence,writtenbyThom

2、asJefferson,statedthatAmericawasanindependentnation.TheFrenchrevolution(1789-1815)whichintroducedthedemocraticideals:Liberty,EqualityandFraternityforeverybody.Theindustrialrevolution(the18th-19thCent.)whichtransformedBritainfromagriculturaltoindustrialcou

3、ntryinvolvingtheuseofnewsourcesofpower(coalandsteam)andalsoimportanttechnologicalinventionslikethesteamengine.Socialconflictsandchanges:Themainsocialchangeswereamongtheworkingclasses.Theprincipalsocialeventswere:-Anenormousincreaseinproductionandwealth-Pe

4、riodsofoverproductionandperiodsofdepression-Workersunionswereformedbutcausedmanyalarmssolawmademeetingofworkersillegal.Workersbegantoattackfactoriesanddestroymachineries(thefamousrevoltoftheLudditiesandthePeterlooMassacre).-RobertOwenestablishedatextilefa

5、ctorywhereheimprovedworkers’workingconditions.-Slaverywasdefinitelyabolishedin1833.II.TheDefinitionofRomanticismEnglishRomanticismisarevoltoftheEnglishimaginationagainsttheneoclassicalreason.TheFrenchRevolutionandtheEnglishIndustrialRevolutionexertgreatin

6、fluenceonEnglishRomanticism.Theromanticistsexpressanegativeattitudetowardstheexistingsocialorpoliticalconditions.Theyplacetheindividualatthecenterofart,ascanbeseenfromLordByron’sByronicHero.ThekeywordsofEnglishRomanticismarenatureandimagination.Theyarguet

7、hatpoetryshouldbefreefromallrules.BeforeEnglishRomanticismthereappearedSentimentalismandPre-romanticism,whichmadesomepreparationsforthecominganddevelopmentEnglishRomanticism.beginning---1798:LyricalBallads《抒情歌谣集》end---1832:thedeathofWalterScottGenerallysp

8、eaking,theromanticistsexpressedtheideologyandsentimentofthoseclassesandsocialstratawhowerediscontentwith,andopposedto,thedevelopmentofcapitalism.Butowingtodifferenceinpoliticalattitudes,theysplitintotwoschools.Somer