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页数:43页
时间:2019-05-10
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1、EnglishLiteratureChapterEightRomanticisminEngland(1798-1832)1798:thepublicationofLyricalBallads1832:thedeathofWalterScottaRomanticnovelistI.BackgroundThisistheageofrevolutions:TheAmericanrevolution(1775-1783)whereTheDeclarationofIndependence,writtenbyThom
2、asJefferson,statedthatAmericawasanindependentnation.TheFrenchrevolution(1789-1815)whichintroducedthedemocraticideals:Liberty,EqualityandFraternityforeverybody.Theindustrialrevolution(the18th-19thCent.)whichtransformedBritainfromagriculturaltoindustrialcou
3、ntryinvolvingtheuseofnewsourcesofpower(coalandsteam)andalsoimportanttechnologicalinventionslikethesteamengine.Socialconflictsandchanges:Themainsocialchangeswereamongtheworkingclasses.Theprincipalsocialeventswere:-Anenormousincreaseinproductionandwealth-Pe
4、riodsofoverproductionandperiodsofdepression-Workersunionswereformedbutcausedmanyalarmssolawmademeetingofworkersillegal.Workersbegantoattackfactoriesanddestroymachineries(thefamousrevoltoftheLudditiesandthePeterlooMassacre).-RobertOwenestablishedatextilefa
5、ctorywhereheimprovedworkers’workingconditions.-Slaverywasdefinitelyabolishedin1833.II.TheDefinitionofRomanticismEnglishRomanticismisarevoltoftheEnglishimaginationagainsttheneoclassicalreason.TheFrenchRevolutionandtheEnglishIndustrialRevolutionexertgreatin
6、fluenceonEnglishRomanticism.Theromanticistsexpressanegativeattitudetowardstheexistingsocialorpoliticalconditions.Theyplacetheindividualatthecenterofart,ascanbeseenfromLordByron’sByronicHero.ThekeywordsofEnglishRomanticismarenatureandimagination.Theyarguet
7、hatpoetryshouldbefreefromallrules.BeforeEnglishRomanticismthereappearedSentimentalismandPre-romanticism,whichmadesomepreparationsforthecominganddevelopmentEnglishRomanticism.beginning---1798:LyricalBallads《抒情歌谣集》end---1832:thedeathofWalterScottGenerallysp
8、eaking,theromanticistsexpressedtheideologyandsentimentofthoseclassesandsocialstratawhowerediscontentwith,andopposedto,thedevelopmentofcapitalism.Butowingtodifferenceinpoliticalattitudes,theysplitintotwoschools.Somer
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