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1、TempleofHeavenLocatedinthesouthernpartofthecity,closetothemainnorth-southaxisleadingtotheForbiddenCity,istheTempleofHeavencomplexofritualbuildings.Thehallsandaltarshereareround,symbolicofheaven.AcounterpartEarthAltarinthenorthofthecityusesthesquareprofilesymbolic
2、ofearth;templesofthesun(intheeast)andmoon(west)completeaceremonialsurroundforBeijingthatmadeitnotonlyapoliticalcapitalbutalsoaritualcenter,shapedintheformofacosmicdiagram.Theemperor,asSonofHeaven,performedpriestlyaswellasrulingfunctions.Eachyearonthedayofthewinte
3、rsolstice,followingthreedaysoffastingandmeditation,theemperorwouldoffersacrificesandprayforagoodharvestattheAltarofHeaven,athree-tieredroundwhitemarblestructure,builtin1530andreconstructedin1740.Theroundaltarsitsonasquarebase,symbolicofthemeetingofheavenandearth,
4、athemecarriedthroughintheshapeofthecomplexasawhole,asemicircleatopasquare.JustnorthoftheAltarofHeavenistheoctagonalImperialVaultofHeavenbuilding,whichcontainedtabletsoftheimperialancestorsandastronomicalplaquesoftheconstellationsandmeteorologicaloccurrences.Theou
5、terwalloftheVaultofHeavenHallisknownastheEchoWall,fromitsabilitytotransmitevenwhisperedvoicesarounditslength.FarthernorthistheHallofPrayerforGoodHarvests,originallybuiltin1420,remodeledin1545,destroyedbylightningin1889,andrebuiltinthefollowingyear,inpartusingOreg
6、onfirwoodforthesupportingpillars.WestofthesebuildingsistheAltarofFarming,whereeachyearinspringtheemperorpersonallyploughedeightfurrowstosymbolicallyassureagoodharvest.TheHalloftheYearGods(nowhousingtheMuseumofChineseArchitecture)waswheretheemperorsacrificedtotheg
7、odsoftheyearandaskedforagoodharvest.4.TheGreatWallTheGreatWallisperhapsChina'smostfamousandmostmythologizedsite.SeveralsectionsareconvenientlyvisitedfromBeijing,includingatBadaling,themostpopularsite,about70km(43mi.)northwestofBeijingandatMutianyu,90km(56mi.)nort
8、heastofBeijing.TheseimpressivebrickandearthstructuresdatefromtheMingdynasty,whenthewallwasfortifiedagainstMongolforcestothenorth.TheMingwallisabout26feettallan
