enrinology内分泌总论

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1、DisordersofendocrineandmetabolicsystemWangxinjun（王新军）DepartmentofendocrinologyHainanmedicalcollegeMP:18789826999DefinitionsandscopeofendocrinologyClassicalendocrinology（经典内分泌学）isthestudyofendocrineglandswhichareagroupofglandsinthebodysecretinghormonestoevokeaspecificresponseinother

2、cellsofthebody.ClassicalendocrineglandsPineal（松果体）Pituitary（垂体）Thyroid（甲状腺）Parathyroid（甲状旁腺）Adrenal（肾上腺）Islets（胰岛）gonads（性腺）Endocrineendo-crineendo-acombiningformmeaning“within,”usedintheformationofcompoundwords:endocardial;endocrinologycrine:paracrineautocrineexocrineEndocrinology

3、Withdevelopment,thedefinitionandscopeofinvestigativeandclinicalendocrinologycontinuestoexpand.Forexample:heart,kidney,adiposetissueComponentsoftheendocrineandmetabolicsystemsArchitecturalandfunctionalpropertiesofendocrineandmetabolicsystemEndocrinesystemEndocrinesystemconsistsoftwo

4、mainparts:EndocrineglandsSporadicendocrinetissuesandcellsinnon-endocrineorganHypothalamus-pituitary-targetglandHypothalamus-pituitaryanteriorpituitaryreleasessixhormones:ACTH、TSH、FSH、LH、PRL、GHposteriorpituitaryreleasestwohormonesthatareactuallyproducedinthehypothalamus:antidiuretic

5、hormone(ADH)actsonthekidneystoconservewaterandalsopromotesconstrictionofbloodvessels.oxytocinstimulatesuterinecontractionsandpromotesmilk“letdown”inthebreastsduringlactation.HORMONETARGETFUNCTIONThyroid(TSH)StimulatingThyroidglandTHsynthesis&releaseGrowth(GH)ManytissuesgrowthAdreno

6、cortico-Tropin(ACTH)AdrenalcortexCortisolrelease(androgens)Prolactin(Prl)BreastMilkproductionFollicle(FSH)GonadsEgg/spermprod.Luteinizing(LH)GonadsSexhormonesAnexcessofgrowthhormoneinchildrencausesgiantism.Inadultsitcausesacromegaly.dwarfism(lackofgrowthhormone).ExcessACTHoverstimu

7、latestheadrenalcortex,resultinginCushingdisease.Increasedprolactincausesmilksecretion,orgalactorrhea,inbothmalesandfemales.AspecificlackofADHfromtheposteriorpituitaryresultsindiabetesinsipidus(polyuriaandpolydipsia).HormonesPituitaryTSH，ACTH，GH，PRL，LH，FSHPeripheralglandThyroid：T3，T

8、4Parathyroid：PTHAdrenal：co