Course4资讯系统在实务上的应用

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1、Course4資訊系統在實務上的應用李鍾斌1IntroductionThischapter(Chapter8)givesexamplesofhowinformationisusedintoday'sfirmsTransactionProcessingSystemsprocessdatathatdescribethefirm'sdailyoperationsandproduceadatabaseusedbyotherfirmsystemsArelatedapplicationisCustomerRel

2、ationshipManagement(CRM)CRMusesdatawarehousing,meaningdataaccumulatesovertimeandcanretrievedforuseindecisionmaking2THETRANSACTIONPROCESSINGSYSTEMThistermTPSisusedtodescribetheISthatgathersdatadescribingthefirm’sactivities,transformsthedataintoinformati

3、on,andmakestheinformationavailabletousersbothinsideandoutsidethefirmFigure8.1isamodelofaTPSwheredataisgatheredfromthefirm’sphysicalsystemandenvironment,andenteredintoadatabaseDataprocessingsoftwaretransformsthedataintoinformationforthefirm’smanagementa

4、ndforindividualsandorganizationsinthefirm’senvironment34SystemOverviewDataflowdiagrams(DFDs)areusedtodocumentthesysteminahierarchicalmannerThediagraminFigure8.2representsthehighestlevel,calledacontextdiagrambecauseitpresentsthesysteminthecontextofitsen

5、vironmentThedataflowingfromthedistributionsystemtomanagementconsistsofthestandardaccountingreports56TheMajorSubsystemsoftheDistributionSystemWhilecontextdiagramsdefinethesystemboundary,otherDFDsareusedtodescribethemajorsubsystemsinthefirmsdataprocesses

6、WhenaseriesofDFDsareusedinahierarchy,theyarecalledleveledDFDsFigure8.3whichisaFigure0diagramshowingthreemajorsubsystemsThesesubsystemsareidentifiedbythenumbereduprightrectanglesinFigure8.378SystemsThatFillCustomerOrdersFigure8.4showsthefourmainsystemsi

7、nvolvedinfillingcustomerorders:TheorderentrysystementerscustomerordersintothesystemTheinventorysystemmaintainstheinventoryrecordsThebillingsystempreparesthecustomerinvoices,andTheaccountsreceivablesystemcollectsthemoneyfromthecustomersFigure8.4expandsP

8、rocess1shownintheFigure0diagram,andiscalledaFigure1diagram910SystemsThatOrderReplenishmentStockThesubsystemsconcernedwithorderingreplenishmentstockfromsuppliersareshowninFigure8.5,whichiscalledaFigure2diagramsinceitexplodesProcess2ofthe