曼昆《经济学原理》1tenprinciples--(汉魅hanmei—经济金融类汇总分享)

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1、PowerPoint®LecturePresentationtoaccompanyPrinciplesofEconomics,ThirdEditionN.GregoryMankiwPreparedbyMarkP.Karscig,CentralMissouriStateUniversity.1INTRODUCTION1TenPrinciplesofEconomicsEconomy......ThewordeconomycomesfromaGreekwordfor“onewhomanagesahousehold.”TENP

2、RINCIPLESOFECONOMICSAhouseholdandaneconomyfacemanydecisions:Whowillwork?Whatgoodsandhowmanyofthemshouldbeproduced?Whatresourcesshouldbeusedinproduction?Atwhatpriceshouldthegoodsbesold?TENPRINCIPLESOFECONOMICSSocietyandScarceResources:Themanagementofsociety’sres

3、ourcesisimportantbecauseresourcesarescarce.Scarcity...meansthatsocietyhaslimitedresourcesandthereforecannotproduceallthegoodsandservicespeoplewishtohave.TENPRINCIPLESOFECONOMICSEconomicsisthestudyofhowsocietymanagesitsscarceresources.TENPRINCIPLESOFECONOMICSHowp

4、eoplemakedecisions.Peoplefacetradeoffs.Thecostofsomethingiswhatyougiveuptogetit.Rationalpeoplethinkatthemargin.Peoplerespondtoincentives.TENPRINCIPLESOFECONOMICSHowpeopleinteractwitheachother.Tradecanmakeeveryonebetteroff.Marketsareusuallyagoodwaytoorganizeecono

5、micactivity.Governmentscansometimesimproveeconomicoutcomes.TENPRINCIPLESOFECONOMICSTheforcesandtrendsthataffecthowtheeconomyasawholeworks.Thestandardoflivingdependsonacountry’sproduction.Pricesrisewhenthegovernmentprintstoomuchmoney.Societyfacesashort-runtradeof

6、fbetweeninflationandunemployment.Principle#1:PeopleFaceTradeoffs.“Thereisnosuchthingasafreelunch!”Makingdecisionsrequirestradingoffonegoalagainstanother.Principle#1:PeopleFaceTradeoffs.Togetonething,weusuallyhavetogiveupanotherthing.Gunsv.butterFoodv.clothingLe

7、isuretimev.workEfficiencyv.equityPrinciple#1:PeopleFaceTradeoffsEfficiencyv.EquityEfficiencymeanssocietygetsthemostthatitcanfromitsscarceresources.Equitymeansthebenefitsofthoseresourcesaredistributedfairlyamongthemembersofsociety.Principle#2:TheCostofSomethingIs

8、WhatYouGiveUptoGetIt.Decisionsrequirecomparingcostsandbenefitsofalternatives.Whethertogotocollegeortowork?Whethertostudyorgooutonadate?Whethertogotoclassorsleepin?The