高中化学各类有机物之间的相互转化关系

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1、-各类有机物之间的相互转化关系高聚酯CH3----CH2CH2n(6)(2)CH3CH3(1)(4)(33)(32)CH2CH2(34)CH2OHBrBrCH2OH(3)(35)CaC2(10)CH2CH2(7)CHCH(8)(9)(5)(20)CH2CHClAg(25)(23)(40)(36)CHO(37)COOH(38)CHOCOOH(39)六元环状酯(11)(12)(13)CH2CHnClCu2O(26)(24)CH3O2NNO2(14)(15)COOHNO2BrOHONa(16)(17)NO

2、2(18)OHBrBr----CH3CH2BrCH3CH2OHCH3CHOCH3COOH(22)(27)(19)(30)(21)(28)(29)(31)CH3CH2OCH2CH3CH3CH2ONaCH3COOCH2CH3CH3COONaBr----光照（1）CH3CH3+Br2CH3CH2Br+HBr催化剂（2）CH2＝CH2+H2△CH3CH3CH3（14）+3HO－NO2浓H2SO4△CH3O2NNO2+3H2ONO2----（3）CH2＝CH2+Br2CH2BrCH2Br（4）CH2＝CH2+H

3、Br32BrCHCH（5）CH2＝CH2+H2O浓H2SO4CH3CH2OH催化剂（6）nCH2＝CH2CH2CH2n催化剂（7）CH≡CH+H2△CH2＝CH2（8）CH≡CH+HCl催化剂CH2＝CHCl△（9）nCH2CH催化剂CH2CHnClCl（10）CaC2+2H2OCH≡CH↑+Ca(OH)2CH3（15）（16）2（17）OHCOOH酸性KMnO4或酸性K2Cr2O7OH+2Na2OH+NaOHOH+Na2CO3ONa+HClONa+CO2+H2OOHBrBrONa+H2↑ONa+H2

4、OONa+NaHCO3OH+NaClOH+NaHCO3----（11）催化剂Br+HBr+Br2（12）+HO－NO2浓H2SO42△NO2+HO（13）+3H2催化剂△（18）+3Br2↓+3HBrBr（19）2CH322CH32ONa+H2↑CHOH+2NaCH浓H2SO4CH2＝CH2↑+H2O（20）CH3CH2OH1700C浓H2SO4C2H5－O－C2H5+H2O（21）C2H5－OH+HO－C2H51400C（22）CH3CH2OH+HBr△CH3CH2Br+H2O----催化剂CH2Br水

5、CH2OH（23）2CH3CH2OH+O2△2CH3CHO+2H2O（34）CH2Br+2NaOH△CH2OH+2NaBrCH3CH2OH+CuO△CH3CHO+Cu+H2O（35）CH2BrCH2Br+2NaOH乙醇△CH≡CH↑+2NaBr+2H2O（催化剂2CH3COOHCH2OHCHO24）2CH3CHO+O2△催化剂（36）CH2OH+O2△CHO+2H2O（△CH3COONH4+2Ag↓25）CH3CHO+2Ag(NH3)2OHCHO催化剂COOHCHO催化剂CH2OH+3NH3+H2O（37）

6、CHO+O2△COOH（38）CHO+2H2△CH2OH----（26）CH3CHO+2Cu(OH)2△CH3COOH+Cu2O↓+2H2O（27）CH3CHO+H2催化剂CH3CH2OH△（28）CH325浓HSO43252H2COOH+HOC△CHCOOCH+HO（29）CH3COOC2H5+H2O稀H2SO4CH3COOH+C2H5OH△（30）2CH332↑COOH+2Na2CHCOONa+H2CH3COOH+Na2O2CH3COONa+H2OCH3COOH+NaOHCH3COONa+H2O2CH3

7、COOH+Na2CO32CH3COONa+H2O+CO2↑CH3COOH+NaHCO3CH3COONa+H2O+CO2↑△（31）CH3COOC2H5+NaOHCH3COONa+C2H5OHCOOHCH2OHOO浓H24CCH2（39）COOH+CH2OHSO+2H2O△CCH2OOCOOHCH2OH浓H2SO4（40）nCOOH+nCH2OH△OOHOCCOCH2CH2OH+(2n－1)H2On----水（32）CH3CH2Br+NaOH△CH3CH2OH+NaBr乙醇（33）CH3CH2Br+NaOH

8、△CH2＝CH2↑+NaBr+H2O---