【跨文化交流-外教】8 - Communication Styles - direct and indirect

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1、“Whatpeoplesay,howtheysayit,whattheydon’tsay--andespeciallywhattheymeanbywhattheysay--arealldeeplyaffectedbyculture.”-CraigStortiCommunicationStylesHighContext/IndirectVs.LowContext/DirectMainQuestion…Howmuchofthemeaningofastatementcomesfromthesetting(context)?Orhowmuchfromthewordschosen?HighContext

2、/IndirectMeaningofthemessagecomesmorefromthecontext/settingthanitdoesfromthedirectwordsspoken.LowContext/DirectMeaningofthemessagecomesfromthewordsthatarespoken.HighContext/IndirectPeopletendtoinfer,suggest,andimplyratherthansaythingsdirectly(Thisishowitappearstopeoplefromlowcontext/directcultures)C

3、ulturestendtobemorecollectivistwhereharmonyandsavingfacearethegreatestgoods(Thisresultsinthenaturaltendencytoavoidconfrontation)Becauseofthein-groupsofcollectivistcultures,membershaveinintuitiveunderstandingofeachotherIndirect/HighContext(cont.)Asarule,peopledon’tneedtospellthingsoutorsayverymuchtog

4、ettheirmessageacrossThisintuitiveunderstandingisknownascontextMessagesoftendon’tneedwordstobeexpressed.Themessageisoftenexpressedintermsofwhatisnotsaidordone.ThegoalofmostcommunicationispreservingandstrengtheningtherelationshipwiththeotherpersonDirect/LowContextTendtobelesscollectivistandmoreindivid

5、ualist,withlessdevelopedin-groupsPeopleleadmoreindependentlivesandhavefewersharedexperiencesThisresultsinalessinstinctiveunderstandingofothersPeopleneedtospellthingsoutandbemoreexplicitDirect/LowContext(cont.)PeopleneedtosayexactlywhattheymeanratherthanmerelysuggestorimplytheirmeaningThereislesscont

6、ext,lessthatcanbetakenforgrantedThespokenwordcarriesmostofthemeaningYoushouldnotreadanythingintowhatisnotsaidordoneThegoalofmostcommunicationexchangesisgettingorgivinginformationPartI1.I2.D3.IIDDIDIDIIDegreeofDirectnessDirectIndirectLessMoreImportanceofFaceInyourownwords,whydoyouthinkthereisthissimi

7、laritybetweenDegreeofDirectnessandImportanceofFace?Examples:Situation:TeacherisregularlylatetoclassLowContext/DirectSolution:HighContext/IndirectSolution:ALowContext/DirectSolution:Theheadmastergoesto