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1、GrammarDirectspeech&Indirectspeech1.陈述句的间接引语—连接词用that,在口语中可省略。引述动词用said,told,等。例如：Hesaid:“I’veleftmybookinmyroom.”→Hetoldmethathehadlefthisbookinhisroom.复习规律2.疑问句的间接引语。一般疑问句后连接词用if或whether，而引述选择疑问句时只能用whether，引述动词用asked，没有间接引语的可以加一个间接宾语me,him等。例如：ShesaidtoTom,“Canyouhelpm
2、e?”→SheaskedTomif/whetherhecouldhelpher.3.特殊疑问句用原句中的疑问词作连接词，改为陈述语序。例如：→TheteacheraskedmehowIhadrepairedit.Theteacherasked,“howdidyourepairit?”一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时现在进行时过去进行时一般将来时过去将来时现在完成时过去完成时时态的变化Thegeographyteachertoldusthatthesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.谓语动词时态变化需
3、要注意几点：1.直接引语表述的是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变Thegeographyteachersaid,“Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.”(2)直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时,时态不变XiaoWangsaid.“IwasbornonApril2l,1980.”→XiaoWangsaidhewasbornonApril20,1980.(3)直接引语中被引述的部分是反复出现的,习惯性的动作或说话时情况仍然存在的,变间接引语时，时态保持不变。Theboysaid
4、tous,“Iusuallygetupatsixeveryday.”→Theboytoldusheusuallygetsupatsixeveryday.(4).若直接引语中含有when,since,while等引导的表示过去的时间状语从句,变间接引语时,从句时态不变。如：Shesaid,“IwenttherewhenIwassixyearsold.”→Shesaidshehadgonetherewhenshewassixyearsold.(5).若直接引语的谓语中含有would,should,might,must,usedto,ought
5、to,hadbetter等动词时。如：Shesaid,“Weshouldhelpeachother.”→Shesaidweshouldhelpeachother.直接引语间接引语指示代词时间状语地点状语方向性动词this,that,thesethosenow,then,todaythatdaythisweekthatweekyesterdaythedaybeforelastweektheweekbeforefourdaysagofourdaysbeforethedaybeforeyesterdaytwodaysbeforetomorrow
6、thenextdaynextmonththenextmonthheretherecome,go,bringtake祈使句的直接引语和间接引语Nowwouldyoupleaseshowmewhichofthemarecommandsandwhicharerequestsinthefollowing?1Closethedoor!2Wouldyoupleasehelpmecarrythecase?3Getmesomethingtodrink4Couldyoupleaselendme100dollar?5Pleaseturnoffthelight
7、s.6Don’tsmokehere7.Willyoucleantheblackboard?8Cleanthetableplease.Sentencepatternforcommands:Do…/Donotdo….Sentencepatternforrequests:Do…please./Canyoudo…?/Couldyoudo…?/Willyoudo…?/Wouldyoudo…?Willyoudo…?/Wouldyoudo…?Thenifwewanttochangethemintoindirectspeech,weshoulddolik
8、ethis:Commands:sb.Told/orderedsb.(not)todosthRequests:sb.Askedsbelse(not)todosthCONCLUSIONS:如果祈使
