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1、LectureNineNon–verbalCommunicationIContentsNon-VerbalCommunicationI1UnderstandingNon-verbalCommunication2TypesofNon-verbalCommunicationUnderstandingNon-verbalCommunicationHethathaseyestoseeandearstohearmayconvincehimselfthatnomortalcankeepasecret.Ifhislipsaresilenthechatswithhisfingert
2、ips;betrayaloozesoutofhimateverypore.SigmundFreud参考译文：有眼睛会看有耳朵会听的人皆相信，凡人都无法保守秘密。即使他的嘴唇保持沉默，他的手指还在交谈；每一个毛孔都在暴露他。Non–verbalCommunicationExchangeofinformationthroughnonlinguisticsignsorsymbolsAllexternalstimuliotherthanspokenorwrittenwordsandincludingbodymotion,characteristicsofappearance
3、,voiceanduseofspaceanddistancing.NosubstituteforverbalOnlysupplements/reinforcesEfficiencyinnonverbalmakesupthedeficiencyinverbal.MoreImpact7%verbal（ofwords）38%vocal(ofvoice)55%nonverbalNon–verbalCommunicationTypesofNon-VerbalCommunicationKinesics【手势语研究】Proxemics【空间关系学】（EdwardT.Hallin1
4、966）Chronemics【时间使用学】Paralanguage【副语言(指手势语等),辅助语言,超语言(如呻吟声、叹息声等)】Artifacts【器物】BODYLANGUAGEKINESICS–BranchofLearningAspectsPersonalAppearanceFacialExpressionPostureGestureEyeContactSpace,DistancingTouch1.PersonalAppearanceThePersonTheAttireTheAccessoriesPerson:hair,beard,colourofskin,ag
5、e,grooming,cleanliness&attractiveness,handicaps,ugliness,abnormalityordeformityAttire–dress(clothing)Speaksloudlyaboutourgeneralattitude,behaviouralpreferences,confidence,occupation,personality,power,status&valuesAccessories-AppendagesOtherthangarments.Tangible–Spectacles,falseeyelashe
6、s/nails,ties,rings,banglestatoos,buttens,cosmeticsetcIntangible–Deodorants,perfumesetc.Eitherenhancethep.a.ordetractfromthep.a.2.FACIALEXPRESSIONMajorvisiblesignswhichbetrayourfeelingsUsedtoaid,inhibitorcomplementRevealattitude,confidenceSpontaneousemotionalexpressionsTointerpretaccura
7、telyisatrickytask.FACIALTYPESInhibitedUninhibitedUnwittingBlankFrozen3.POSTUREThewayonestands,sitsorwalksMovementofthebody,positionofhands/legs&otherpartsMeasureofpersonality,successofcommunicationVaryaccordingtosituations4.GesturesAnyactionthatsendsavisualsignaltoanonlooker(Anobserv
