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1、3个重要作家ErnestHemingwayErnestHemingway(1899-1961)isanAmericannovelist,journalistandwarcorrespondent.Heistheleadingspokesmanofthe"LostGeneration^,awardedtheNobelPrizeforliteraturein1954.(Thematicpatterns)(1)TheLostGeneration:describedin"TheSunalsoRises9
2、5(1926).Thegenerationwas"losLinthesensethattheyweredisillusionedwiththewar-wreckedworldandspirituallyalienatedfromacivilizationandreplacedbydespairoracynicalhedonism.(2)TheHemingwayCodeHero:describedin"TheOldManandTheSea"(1952).Amancanbephysicallydes
3、troyedbutneverdefeatedspiritually.(Lifeisfulloftensionandbattles,theworldisinchaosandmanisalwaysfightingdesperatelyalosingbattle.Thosewhosurviveandperhapsemergevictoriousintheprocessofseekingtomasterthecodewithasetofprinciplessuchashonor,courage,endu
4、rance,wisdomareknownasntheHemingwaycoden.)(3)Icetheory:Thedignityofmovementofanicebergisduetoonlyone-eighthofitbeingabovewater;Typicalofthis"iceberg"analogyisHemingwaysstyle.Itmeans“Lessismore：(e.g:Hisnovel“IndianCamp?,hasfour"Icebergs^astheshadow.)A
5、pplication:Hemingway^sCodeHeroisembodiedin"IndianCamplItrelatesthestoryofyoungNickwatchinghisfatherdeliveranIndianwomanofababybycaesariansectionwithajack-knifeandwithoutanesthesiatorelievethepain.Inthisnovel,Hemingway'sconcernaboutviolenceanddeathbyr
6、evealingNick'sfeelingofperplexity,anxietyandterroroverthemiseryoflifeanddeath.Hemingwayintroducedusfivemedicalknowledgeinthenovelthroughthefather'steaching.(Writingstyle)(1[Hemingway'snovelarebasedonusingshort,simpleandconventionalwordsandsentences,p
7、reciseimagery,andanimpersonal,dramatictone.Nodetailiswasted•(”Lessismoren).(2)Heisgoodatusing"IcebergTheory”，andcolloquialstyle.(3)Hemingwaydevelopsthestyleofcolloquialism,understatementandsymbolism.(4)Theaccentsandmannerismsofhumanspeecharewellprese
8、nted,sothecharactersarefulloffleshandblood・HenryDavidThoreauHenryDavidThoreau(1817-1862)isanAmericanessayist,poetandphilosopher.HeistherepresentativeofthephilosophicalandliteraryschoolofAmericanTranscendentalism.In1845hebuiltacabinbesidetheWaldenPond
