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1、3个重要作家ErnestHemingwayErnestHemingway(1899-1961)isanAmericannovelist,journalistandwarcorrespondent.Heistheleadingspokesmanofthe“LostGeneration”,awardedtheNobelPrizeforliteraturein1954.(Thematicpatterns)(1)TheLostGeneration:describedin“TheSunalsoRises”(1926).Thege
2、nerationwas“lost”inthesensethattheyweredisillusionedwiththewar-wreckedworldandspirituallyalienatedfromacivilizationandreplacedbydespairoracynicalhedonism.(2)TheHemingwayCodeHero:describedin“TheOldManandTheSea”(1952).Amancanbephysicallydestroyedbutneverdefeatedsp
3、iritually.(Lifeisfulloftensionandbattles,theworldisinchaosandmanisalwaysfightingdesperatelyalosingbattle.Thosewhosurviveandperhapsemergevictoriousintheprocessofseekingtomasterthecodewithasetofprinciplessuchashonor,courage,endurance,wisdomareknownas"theHemingwayc
4、ode".)(3)Icetheory:Thedignityofmovementofanicebergisduetoonlyone-eighthofitbeingabovewater.Typicalofthis"iceberg"analogyisHemingway'sstyle.Itmeans“Lessismore”.(e.g:Hisnovel“IndianCamp”hasfour“Icebergs”astheshadow.)Application:Hemingway’sCodeHeroisembodiedin“Indi
5、anCamp".ItrelatesthestoryofyoungNickwatchinghisfatherdeliveranIndianwomanofababybycaesariansectionwithajack-knifeandwithoutanesthesiatorelievethepain.Inthisnovel,Hemingway'sconcernaboutviolenceanddeathbyrevealingNick'sfeelingofperplexity,anxietyandterroroverthem
6、iseryoflifeanddeath.Hemingwayintroducedusfivemedicalknowledgeinthenovelthroughthefather’steaching.(Writingstyle)(1)Hemingway'snovelarebasedonusingshort,simpleandconventionalwordsandsentences,preciseimagery,andanimpersonal,dramatictone.Nodetailiswasted.("Lessismo
7、re").(2)Heisgoodatusing“IcebergTheory”,andcolloquialstyle.(3)Hemingwaydevelopsthestyleofco1loquialism,understatementandsymbolism.(4)Theaccentsandmannerismsofhumanspeecharewellpresented,sothecharactersarefulloffleshandblood.HenryDavidThoreauHenryDavidThoreau(1817
8、-1862)isanAmericanessayist,poetandphilosopher.HeistherepresentativeofthephilosophicalandliteraryschoolofAmericanTranscendentalism.In1845hebuiltacabinbesidetheWaldenPo
