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1、Unit9Culturalglobalization1.Muchoftheearlydevelopmentofdifferentlanguages,customs,andotherdiverseaspectsofworldculturesresultedfromtheisolationofgroupsofpeoplefromoneanothe匸Itisnotsurprising,then,thatadegreeofculturalamalgamationhasoccurredasimprovedtransportationandcommunicati
2、onhavebroughtpeopleofvarioussocietiesintoever-frequentcontact.Analyzingtheblurringofculturedifferencesinevitablyincludesagreatdealaboutfastfood,basketball,rockmusic,andothersuchaspectsofpopculture,butsuchanalysisdosenottrivializethesubject.Instead,along-standingbottom-uplineofp
3、oliticaltheoryarguesthattheworldspeoplecanbuildoncommonplaceinteractionsandincreasingculturalcommonalitiesthatengenderfamiliaritywithandconfidenceinoneanothertocreateaglobalcivilsocietythatmightevolveintoaglobalnation.Bythesameprocess,iftransnationalcivilsocietiesdevelop,thenre
4、gionalandevenglobalschemesofgovernancecouldconceivablyformandsupplementorsupplanttheterritorialstate.Scholarswhoexaminethebottom-upprogressoftransnationalintegrationlookforevidenceinsuchfactorsastheflowofcommunicationsandcommercebetweencountriesandthespreadacrossbordersofwhatpe
5、oplewear,eat,anddoforrecreation.不同语言、习惯以及世界文化的其他各个方面的早期发展,源于人类群体Z间的隔离。然而,不断改善的交通和通讯使得不同社会的人们更频繁地联系,一定程度的文化融合随之出现,这并不令人惊讶。分析文化差异的模糊性,不可避免的包括了大量关于快餐、篮球、摇滚音乐以及流行文化其他相关方面内容,但是这种分析并没有使主题变得简单。相反,i种长期存在的自下而上的政治理论观点认为,世界人民可以在普遍的交流和逐渐增加的文化共性的基础上存在,文化共性使人们彼此产生熟悉感和信任感,从而建立一个可能发展成全球国家的全球公民
6、社会。在这个过程中,如果跨国公民社会形成,那么区域的甚至全球的治理方案就有可能形成,并且弥补或者取代领土国家。研究跨国一体化自下而上进程的学者们,正在国家之间通信和贸易的流通中,在人们吃、穿、娱乐方式的跨境影响屮寻找证据。2.Whileitisprematuretotalkofaworldculture,andindeedthatmaynevercome,thereissignificantevidenceofculturalamalgamationintheworld□TheleadersofChinaoncewore"Chinesetunicsu
7、its9;nowtheywearWestern-stylebusinesssuits□Whendressinginformally,peopleinshanghai,Lagos,andMexicoCityaremoreapttowearjeans,T-shirts,andsneakersthantheircountry'straditionaldress.Youngpeopleeverywherelistentothesamemusic,with,forexample^Disturbia^byRihannaontheTop-10chartsinman
8、ycountriesinadditionaltotheUnitedStatesin2008.Andwhate