能源技术在渠道内竞争的影响[外文翻译]

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1、毕业论文（设计）外文翻译一、外文原文标题：SourcesofPower:TheirImpactonIntra-channelConflict原文：TheChannelofDistributionConflictbetweenchannelmembersAandBisinevitablewhenAandBarefunctionallyinterdependent.Infranchisechannelsofdistributionthereisahighdegreeoffunctionalinterdependencebetweenthefr

2、anchisor(A)andfranchisee(B).Giventhishighdegreeoffunctionalinterdependence,thepotentialforconflictdevelopmentishigh.Also,franchisechannelsofdistributionhavewell-definedpowerstructures,inwhichthebalanceofpowerisweightedheavilyinfavorofthefranchisorThefranchisechannelforthe

3、distributionofauto-mobileswasselectedforstudy.Thischannelischaracterizedbyfrequentandvisibleconflicts.Inadditionthereisadefinitebalanceofpowerinfavorofthemanufacturerwhichisinpartduetothefranchisecontract.However,duringthelast20years,dealershaveattemptedtoequalizethisbala

4、nceofpowerbylobbyingandhaveobtainedbothnationalandstatelegislation.Duringthetimethisstudywasconducted(November-December1974),theautomobileindustrywasinaneconomicdepressionandthereforetheoveralllevelofconflictinthechannelprobablywasintensified.Theincreasedconflictwasdueinp

5、arttothetechnologicalandproductioncharacteristicsoftheindustry,whichrequireshighoutputtoattainlowunitcosts.Manyeconomistssuggestthatproductioneconomiesarenotexhausteduntilafirmattainsanoutputoffrom600,000to1,000,000units[23,chapterVI].Forthedistributionofautomobilestheeco

6、nomiesofscaleareevengreater.Pashigianfindsthatperunitdistributioncostsarestilldecliningassalesreach1.8millionunits.Giventhisincentivetoproduceinlargequantities,manufacturersfinditnecessarytopressuredealerstoacceptmorecarsthantheydesireinslowtimes.Thusaninherentconflictisb

7、uiltintothesystembecausethemanufacturer'smeansofmaintainingprofitsresultsindecliningprofitsforthedealers.Ofthemanypossiblesourcesofpower,fivehavebeendefinedwhichseemcommonandimportant:reward,legitimate,referent,expert,andcoercive.Thecoercivesourcecanbedifferentiatedfromth

8、eothersbecauseitaloneinvolvespotentialpunishmentandthereforetheindividualbegrudginglyyieldspower