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1、本科毕业论文（设计）外文翻译原文：5SmanagementThe5Sconcept(5S)hasitsoriginsinaJapaneseacronymforseiri(organisation),seiton(neatness),seisō(cleaning),seiketsu(standardisation)andshitsuke(discipline),aphilosophythatisembeddedinJapaneseeverydaylife.LiteraturesuggeststhatsincetheSecondWorldWar,twomajorframeworksfo
2、runderstandingandapplying5Stobusinessenvironmentshavearisen,oneproposedbyOsada(1989,1991),theotherbyHirano(1995,1996).Thispaperinvestigatesandclarifiesthewaysinwhich5ShasbeenunderstoodandimplementedbyJapaneseandWesternbusinesses.Anoutcomeofthisundertakinghasbeentoaddresscurrentdeficienciesinth
3、eliteratureconcerningtheapplicabilityof5Swhentransferredfromonecountrytoanother.Thisresearchalsohighlightsthedistinctionbetween‘5Sasaphilosophyorway’and‘5Sasatechniqueortool’bycomparingthemajorframeworksprovidedbyOsada(1989,1991)andHirano(1995,1996).Originsofthe5SconceptEachofthetermscomprisin
4、g5SiswidelyunderstoodinJapanasamethodofimprovinglifestyle(Osada,1989).InJapan,thepracticeof5Sisrecognisedasagroupoforganisationalandcleaningactivitiesthatshapebasicmoralityandethicsintheworkplace,atschool,andinthehome(DeMente,1994).Thephilosophicalconceptof5ShasbeenembeddedinJapanesesocietythr
5、oughtheprinciplesofShintoism,BuddhismandConfucianismforseveralhundredyears(DeMente,1994).Japanhastraditionallyemphasisedcooperation,advocatingthevaluesoftrust,selfrestraint,harmonyandorganisationalloyalty.Shintoism,BuddhismandConfucianismhaveallcontributedtotheformationofthesevaluesinJapan(Wat
6、suji,1952).Shintoismemphasisestheimportanceofcleanlinessofmind;usingotherpeopleforone’sself-interestisconsidered‘unclean’(Watsuji,1952).Confucianism,withitsemphasisonorderliness,wasinitiallyintroducedfromChinaandthenredevelopedinJapan.OrderlinessisbasedontheJapaneseunderstandingofConfucianismw
7、ithaparticularfocusoncommunityvalues(Watsuji,1952).BothBuddhismandConfucianismsharespiritualidealsoftenderivingspiritualfortitudefromself-discipline.ThesecombinedidealsofShintoism,BuddhismandConfucianismareoftendenotedbydo(theway:philos
