资源描述：
《The Unbearable Lightness of Being - （生命不能承受之轻）Milan Kundera .pdf》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、MILANKUNDERATheUnbearableLightnessofBeingTranslatedfromtheCzechbyMichaelHenryHeimPARTONELIGHTNESSANDWEIGHTPARTTWOSOULANDBODYPARTTHREEWORDSMISUNDERSTANDPARTFOURSOULANDBODYPARTFIVELIGHTNESSANDWEIGHTPARTSIXTHEGRANDMARCHPARTSEVENKARENIN’SSMILEPARTONELightnessandWeight1Theideaofeternalret
2、urnisamysteriousone,andNietzschehasoftenperplexedotherphilosopherswithit:tothinkthateverythingrecursasweonceexperiencedit,andthattherecurrenceitselfrecursadinfinitum!Whatdoesthismadmythsignify?Puttingitnegatively,themythofeternalreturnstatesthatalifewhichdisappearsonceandforall,which
3、doesnotreturn,islikeashadow,withoutweight,deadinadvance,andwhetheritwashorrible,beautiful,orsublime,itshorror,sublimity,andbeautymeannothing.WeneedtakenomorenoteofitthanofawarbetweentwoAfricankingdomsinthefourteenthcentury,awarthatalterednothinginthedestinyoftheworld,evenifahundredth
4、ousandblacksperishedinexcruciatingtorment.WillthewarbetweentwoAfricankingdomsinthefourteenthcenturyitselfbealteredifitrecursagainandagain,ineternalreturn?Itwill:itwillbecomeasolidmass,permanentlyprotuberant,itsinanityirreparable.IftheFrenchRevolutionweretorecureternally,Frenchhistori
5、answouldbelessproudofRobespierre.Butbecausetheydealwithsomethingthatwillnotreturn,thebloodyyearsoftheRevolutionhaveturnedintomerewords,theories,anddiscussions,havebecomelighterthanfeathers,frighteningnoone.ThereisaninfinitedifferencebetweenaRobespierrewhooccursonlyonceinhistoryandaRo
6、bespierrewhoeternallyreturns,choppingoffFrenchheads.Letusthereforeagreethattheideaofeternalreturnimpliesaperspectivefromwhichthingsappearotherthanasweknowthem:theyappearwithoutthemitigatingcircumstanceoftheirtransitorynature.Thismitigatingcircumstancepreventsusfromcomingtoaverdict.Fo
7、rhowcanwecondemnsomethingthatisephemeral,intransit?Inthesunsetofdissolution,everythingisilluminatedbytheauraofnostalgia,eventheguillotine.Notlongago,Icaughtmyselfexperiencingamostincrediblesensation.LeafingthroughabookonHitler,Iwastouchedbysomeofhisportraits:theyremindedmeofmychildho
8、od.Igrewupdu
