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1、AmericanEconomicAssociationProduction,InformationCosts,andEconomicOrganizationAuthor(s):ArmenA.AlchianandHaroldDemsetzSource:TheAmericanEconomicReview,Vol.62,No.5(Dec.,1972),pp.777-795Publishedby:AmericanEconomicAssociationStableURL:http://www.jstor.org/stable/1815199.Acces
2、sed:17/10/201107:02YouruseoftheJSTORarchiveindicatesyouracceptanceoftheTerms&ConditionsofUse,availableat.http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jspJSTORisanot-for-profitservicethathelpsscholars,researchers,andstudentsdiscover,use,andbuilduponawiderangeofcontent
3、inatrusteddigitalarchive.Weuseinformationtechnologyandtoolstoincreaseproductivityandfacilitatenewformsofscholarship.FormoreinformationaboutJSTOR,pleasecontactsupport@jstor.org.AmericanEconomicAssociationiscollaboratingwithJSTORtodigitize,preserveandextendaccesstoTheAmerican
4、EconomicReview.http://www.jstor.orgProduction,InformationCosts,andEconomicOrganizationBYARMENA.ALCHIANANDHAROLDDEMSETZ*Themarkofacapitalisticsocietyisthatcanfireorsue,justasIcanfiremygrocerresourcesareownedandallocatedbysuchbystoppingpurchasesfromhimorsuenongovernmentalorga
5、nizationsasfirms,himfordeliveringfaultyproducts.Whathouseholds,andmarkets.Resourceownersthenisthecontentofthepresumedpowerincreaseproductivitythroughcooperativetomanageandassignworkerstovariousspecializationandthisleadstothedemandtasks?Exactlythesameasonelittlecon-foreconom
6、icorganizationswhichfacili-sumer'spowertomanageandassignhistatecooperation.Whenalumbermillgrocertovarioustasks.Thesinglecon-employsacabinetmaker,cooperationbe-sumercanassignhisgrocertothetaskoftweenspecialistsisachievedwithinafirm,obtainingwhateverthecustomercanin-andwhenac
7、abinetmakerpurchaseswoodducethegrocertoprovideatapriceac-fromalumberman,thecooperationtakesceptabletobothparties.Thatispreciselyplaceacrossmarkets(orbetweenfirms).allthatanemployercandotoanem-Twoimportantproblemsfaceatheoryofployee.Tospeakofmanaging,directing,economicorgani
8、zation-toexplaintheorassigningworkerstovarioustasksisaconditionsthatdeterminewheth
